Web-Development-Applications WGU Web Development Applications (KVO1) Question and Answers

The action attribute in the

Here, the form data is sent to the /submit-form URL when submitted.

References:

MDN Web Docs on

action attribute

W3C HTML Specification on Forms

Given the code segment:

var a = "8";

var b = "6";

var c = a + b;

console.log(c);

This code concatenates two strings.

Explanation:

var a = "8";: Variable a is assigned the string "8".

var b = "6";: Variable b is assigned the string "6".

var c = a + b;: The + operator concatenates the two strings, resulting in "86".

console.log(c);: Outputs the value of c to the console.

Output:

The console displays "86" because it concatenates the two string values.

References:

MDN Web Docs - String

W3Schools - JavaScript String

The onmouseover attribute in HTML and JavaScript is used to execute a script when the mouse pointer is moved over an element.

onmouseover Attribute: This event occurs when the mouse pointer is moved onto an element. It is commonly used to change styles or content of the element when the user interacts with it by hovering.

Usage Example:

Hover over this text to change its color to red.

In this example, the text color changes to red when the mouse pointer is moved over the paragraph.

References:

MDN Web Docs on onmouseover

W3C HTML Specification on Events

To make the corners of a div element rounded, the CSS property border-radius is used. This property allows you to define how rounded the corners should be by specifying a radius.

CSS border-radius Property:

Syntax:

div {

border-radius: 10px;

}

Description: The value can be in pixels (px), percentages (%), or other units. Higher values create more rounded corners.

Example:

Given HTML:

Given CSS:

div {

width: 100px;

height: 50px;

background-color: red;

border-radius: 10px;

}

References:

MDN Web Docs - border-radius

W3C CSS Backgrounds and Borders Module Level 3

The provided JavaScript code sets a variable x to 6 and then assigns this value to the innerHTML of the HTML element with the id demo.

var x;

x = 6;

document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML = x;

Explanation:

Variable Declaration: var x; declares the variable x.

Variable Assignment: x = 6; assigns the value 6 to the variable x.

DOM Manipulation: document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML = x; finds the element with id demo and sets its innerHTML to the value of x, which is 6.

Outcome:

The content of the HTML element with the id demo will be changed to 6.

References:

MDN Web Docs on getElementById

W3C JavaScript DOM Manipulation

When designing text-based hyperlinks for mobile web pages, it is essential to ensure that the links are easily tappable. Adding padding around the clickable area increases the touch target size, making it easier for users to interact with the link on a mobile device.

Techniques for Mobile-Friendly Links:

Padding the Clickable Area: By adding padding, you increase the touchable area around the link, which helps prevent user frustration due to missed taps.

CSS Example:

a {

padding: 10px;

display: inline-block;

}

Other Options:

B. Keeping links uniform: This refers to making all links look the same, which is good for consistency but doesn't specifically address the issue of touch targets.

C. Deploying graphical links: While graphical links can be effective, they do not necessarily improve touch target size for text-based hyperlinks.

D. Using dynamic page elements near the link: This can lead to a cluttered interface and does not address the touch target issue directly.

References:

MDN Web Docs - Touch targets

Google Developers - Mobile Web Development

To change the font color when the viewport is 800 pixels wide or wider, a media query with min-width: 800px is used. This ensures that the styles inside the media query are applied only when the viewport width is at least 800 pixels.

CSS Media Queries:

Syntax for Media Query:

@media screen and (min-width: 800px) {

body {

color: black;

}

}

Explanation: The min-width: 800px condition ensures that the styles are applied when the viewport is 800 pixels or wider.

Example Analysis:

Option A:

@media screen and (min-width: 800px) {

body {

color: black;

}

}

Correct. This applies the color: black; style to the body when the viewport is 800 pixels or wider.

Option B:

@media min-width: 800px {

body {

color: black;

}

}

Incorrect. Missing screen and which is required for a proper media query targeting screens.

Option C:

@media screen and (max-width: 800px) {

body {

color: black;

}

}

Incorrect. This applies the style when the viewport is 800 pixels or narrower.

Option D:

@media max-width: 800px {

body {

color: black;

}

}

Incorrect. This applies the style when the viewport is 800 pixels or narrower.

References:

MDN Web Docs - Using media queries

W3Schools - CSS Media Queries

The correct use of media queries ensures that the specified styles are applied only under the desired conditions, providing a responsive design.

The

Relative positioning in CSS positions an element relative to its normal position. Using position: relative; allows you to adjust the element's position with the top, right, bottom, or left properties.

CSS Relative Positioning:

Syntax:

article {

position: relative;

left: 10px;

}

Description: Moves the element 10 pixels to the right from its normal position.

Example:

Given HTML:

Given CSS:

article {

position: relative;

left: 10px;

}

Explanation: The

element will be positioned 10 pixels to the right of where it would normally appear.

References:

MDN Web Docs - position

W3C CSS Positioned Layout Module Level 3

Bootstrap is a popular front-end framework that assists designers in creating adaptive and responsive page layouts easily.

Bootstrap:

Responsive Design: Bootstrap provides a responsive grid system, pre-styled components, and utilities that help in designing adaptive layouts.

Example:

Other Options:

A. Modernize: Not a framework, but a JavaScript library to detect HTML5 and CSS3 features.

C. React: A JavaScript library for building user interfaces, not specifically for layout.

D. Knockout: A JavaScript library for implementing MVVM pattern, not specifically for layout.

References:

Bootstrap Documentation

MDN Web Docs - Responsive design

These answers ensure accurate and comprehensive explanations for the given questions, supporting efficient learning and understanding.

To apply CSS only to the first line of a particular HTML element, the ID selector #Welcome should be used as per the given HTML structure.

CSS ID Selector: The ID selector is used to style the element with a specific id.

Usage Example:

#Welcome {

color: red;

}

In this example, the #Welcome selector will apply the red color style only to the element with id="Welcome".

References:

MDN Web Docs on ID Selectors

W3C CSS Specification on Selectors

The #item token in CSS is used to select an HTML element by its ID attribute.

CSS ID Selector:

Syntax: The ID selector is prefixed with a hash symbol (#) followed by the ID value of the HTML element.

Example: If the HTML element has an attribute id="item", it can be selected and styled in CSS as:

width: 300px;

}

Functionality:

Selects an Element: The ID selector targets the specific HTML element with the matching id attribute.

Specificity: ID selectors have high specificity, meaning they will override styles from type selectors and

If the type attribute is omitted from an element, it defaults to text.

HTML Input Default Type:

Default Type: The default value for the type attribute in an element is text.

Example:

Given the HTML:

This will render as a text input field.

References:

MDN Web Docs -

W3Schools - HTML Input Types

JavaScript is a scripting language primarily used for creating and controlling dynamic website content. Here are some characteristics:

Runs Inside a Web Browser: JavaScript code is executed in the web browser, making it possible to create interactive and dynamic web pages.

Cross-Browser Compatibility: JavaScript is designed to be compatible across different web browsers.

Interpreted Language: JavaScript is interpreted, meaning it does not need to be compiled before execution.

Accessible to Users: JavaScript code is not hidden from the user; it can be viewed in the browser’s developer tools.

References:

MDN Web Docs on JavaScript

W3C JavaScript Introduction

The onpopstate event is triggered in the window object when the active history entry changes, such as when the user navigates to a different page using the back or forward buttons in the browser.

History API and onpopstate:

Event: window.onpopstate

Description: This event is fired when the user navigates to a session history entry, i.e., when moving backwards or forwards in the browser history.

Example:

window.onpopstate = function(event) {

console.log("location: " + document.location + ", state: " + JSON.stringify(event.state));

};

Other Options:

A. Window, location: location is an object containing information about the current URL.

C. Window, name: name is a property to set or get the name of a window.

D. Window, open: open is a method to open a new browser window or tab.

References:

MDN Web Docs - window.onpopstate

W3Schools - JavaScript History API

In CSS, when elements overlap, the default behavior is that the last element listed in the HTML document appears on top.

Stacking Context:

Default Behavior: Elements are stacked in the order they appear in the HTML. The last element in the document tree is rendered on top.

z-index: You can control stacking order using the z-index property, but without it, the default order applies.

Example:

Given HTML:

The blue div will be on top of the red div because it appears later in the HTML document.

References:

MDN Web Docs - Stacking context

W3C CSS Positioned Layout Module Level 3

By understanding these fundamental CSS concepts, developers can create more effective and visually appealing web layouts.

Padding is the CSS property used to create space between the content of an element and its border. It is an internal spacing within the element.

CSS Box Model:

Content: The innermost part, where text and images appear.

Padding: The space between the content and the border.

Border: The edge of the element.

Margin: The space outside the border, creating space between different elements.

Usage:

Padding:

div {

padding: 20px;

}

This code adds 20 pixels of padding on all sides of the content within the div element.

References:

MDN Web Docs - Padding

W3C CSS Box Model