PDI Salesforce Certified Platform Developer I (SU24) Question and Answers

Option C: Update the PrimaryId__c field definition to mark it as an External Id.

Correct Answer.

Explanation:

Marking PrimaryId__c as an External ID allows data loading tools to match records based on this field.

This facilitates upserting data and ensures that the CSV data correctly maps to existing records.

When multiple triggers are associated with the same object and event, Salesforce does not guarantee the order in which they will execute.

Option D: Trigger execution order cannot be guaranteed.

Correct Answer.

Explanation:

Salesforce does not provide a mechanism to define or guarantee the execution order of triggers on the same object and event.

If order is important, developers should combine the logic into a single trigger or use trigger frameworks that manage execution order.

To improve runtime performance by caching Apex call results on the client, the developer should decorate the server-side method with @AuraEnabled(cacheable=true).

@AuraEnabled(cacheable=true) Annotation:

When applied to an Apex method, it enables the method's results to be cached on the client, improving performance for subsequent calls.

This is especially effective in Lightning Web Components (LWC) and can also be used in Aura components.

"To cache method results, annotate the method with @AuraEnabled(cacheable=true). Methods annotated with cacheable=true are called cached methods."— Lightning Web Components Developer Guide: Call Apex Methods

Why Not Other Options:

A. Call the setStorable() method on the action in the JavaScript client-side code: This approach is used in Aura components but is less efficient and not considered best practice compared to using cacheable=true.

"For improved performance, use @AuraEnabled(cacheable=true) instead of action.setStorable()."— Aura Components Developer Guide: Calling Server-Side Actions

B. Set a cookie in the browser for use upon return to the page: Managing cookies for caching Apex results is not efficient and can lead to security and scalability issues.

C. Decorate the server-side method with @AuraEnabled(storable=true): There is no storable=true parameter for @AuraEnabled. The correct parameter is cacheable=true.

Best Practices:

Use @AuraEnabled(cacheable=true): This is the recommended way to cache Apex method results in Lightning components.

"Apex methods annotated with @AuraEnabled(cacheable=true) are cached on the client and shared across components."— Lightning Web Components Developer Guide: Apex Methods Cache

Conclusion: By decorating the Apex method with @AuraEnabled(cacheable=true), the developer enables client-side caching of the method's results, improving runtime performance in an efficient and recommended way.

To enforce that only Container__c records with a status of "Decommissioned" can be deleted, we need to prevent deletion of records unless they meet this criteria.

Possible Approaches:

Option A: Apex Trigger

Correct.

Explanation:

An Apex before delete trigger can be written to check the Status__c field of each record being deleted.

If the status is not "Decommissioned," the trigger can add an error to prevent deletion.

trigger PreventContainerDeletion on Container__c (before delete) {

for (Container__c container : Trigger.old) {

if (container.Status__c != 'Decommissioned') {

container.addError('Only decommissioned containers can be deleted.');

}

}

}

To prevent duplicate Order records from being created when updates come from the OMS:

Option B: Use the order number from the OMS as an external ID.

Explanation: Setting the Order Number as an External ID allows Salesforce to recognize records based on this unique identifier during upsert operations.

Option D: Ensure that the order number in the OMS is unique.

Explanation: Having a unique Order Number in the OMS ensures that each order can be accurately identified and matched in Salesforce.

Why These Actions Prevent Duplicates:

By using upsert with the External ID, the integration can update existing orders instead of creating new ones.

// Example of upsert operation using External ID

upsert orderRecord Order_Number__c;

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When an Opportunity needs to have an amount rolled up from a custom object that is not in a master-detail relationship, the best approach is to:

Option B: Write a trigger on the child object and use an aggregate function to sum the amount for all related child objects under the Opportunity.

Roll-Up Summary Fields Limitation: Roll-up summary fields can only be created on master-detail relationships. Since the custom object is in a lookup relationship with Opportunity (not master-detail), roll-up summary fields are not available.

"Roll-up summary fields can only be created on master-detail relationships."— Salesforce Help: Define Roll-Up Summary Fields

Trigger on Child Object: Writing a trigger on the child object (the custom object) allows you to execute logic whenever a child record is inserted, updated, or deleted.

Aggregate Function: Within the trigger, you can use SOQL aggregate functions (like SUM()) to calculate the total amount of all child records related to the Opportunity and update the parent Opportunity record accordingly.

trigger ChildObjectTrigger on ChildObject__c (after insert, after update, after delete, after undelete) {

Set oppIds = new Set();

if(Trigger.isInsert || Trigger.isUpdate || Trigger.isUndelete){

for(ChildObject__c child : Trigger.new){

oppIds.add(child.Opportunity__c);

}

}

if(Trigger.isDelete){

for(ChildObject__c child : Trigger.old){

oppIds.add(child.Opportunity__c);

}

}

List oppsToUpdate = new List();

for(Id oppId : oppIds){

Decimal totalAmount = [SELECT SUM(Amount__c) FROM ChildObject__c WHERE Opportunity__c = :oppId];

Opportunity opp = new Opportunity(Id = oppId, Total_Child_Amount__c = totalAmount);

oppsToUpdate.add(opp);

}

update oppsToUpdate;

}

Why Other Options Are Incorrect:

Option A: Use the Streaming API to create real-time roll-up summaries.

The Streaming API is designed for receiving notifications of data changes in Salesforce and is not suitable for calculating roll-up summaries.

"The Streaming API enables streaming of events using push technology and provides a subscription mechanism for receiving events in near real time."— Salesforce Developer Guide: Streaming API

Option C: Use the Metadata API to create real-time roll-up summaries.

The Metadata API is used for deploying and retrieving metadata (like custom fields, layouts) between orgs and does not perform data calculations.

"Use Metadata API to retrieve, deploy, create, update, or delete customization information, such as custom object definitions and page layouts, for your org."— Salesforce Developer Guide: Metadata API

Option D: Write a trigger on the Opportunity object and use tree sorting to sum the amount for all related child objects under the Opportunity.

Writing a trigger on the Opportunity object would not effectively capture changes made to child records, as triggers on the parent do not fire when child records are modified.

Tree sorting is not a standard technique in Apex for summing related records.

Conclusion:

Writing a trigger on the child object is the most effective way to sum amounts from child records and update the parent Opportunity when a master-detail relationship is not present.

To test the trigger with 200 account records with unique names using the least amount of code:

Option A: Use Test.loadData to populate data in your test methods.

Explanation: Test.loadData allows you to load test data from a static resource (CSV file) into your test method. This approach minimizes code since you don't have to write code to create each record.

To ensure that specific data is available in test methods, the developer should create test data within the test context.

Option B: Use Test.loadData() and reference a CSV file in a static resource.

Correct Approach.

Explanation:

Test.loadData() is a method that allows test methods to load test data from a CSV file stored as a static resource.

This method creates the records in the test context, ensuring that the data is available during the test execution.

Using a CSV file makes it easy to define multiple records with specific field values.

Usage Example:

@isTest

private class MyTestClass {

@isTest

static void testMethod() {

List testRecords = (List) Test.loadData(MyObject__c.sObjectType, 'MyTestData');

// Proceed with testing using testRecords

}

}

Where 'MyTestData' is the name of the static resource containing the CSV file.

To run a script that deploys to a sandbox:

Option A: VSCode

Explanation: Visual Studio Code with the Salesforce Extensions Pack allows developers to deploy code using scripts and integrates with Salesforce CLI.

Option D: SFDX CLI

Explanation: The Salesforce CLI (SFDX CLI) can be used to script deployments to any org, including sandboxes.

Example Command:

sfdx force:source:deploy -u sandboxAlias -p path/to/source

Requirements:

The maxAttempts variable must:

Preserve its value for the length of the Apex transaction.

Be able to share the variable's state between trigger executions.

Solution:

To meet these requirements, the variable should be declared as a private static variable on a helper class.

Option D: Declare maxAttempts as a private static variable on a helper class.

Correct Approach.

Explanation:

Static Variables:

Static variables retain their value throughout the execution context of the Apex transaction.

They are shared across trigger contexts and can be used to maintain state between trigger executions.

Private Modifier:

Keeps the variable encapsulated within the class.

Helper Class:

Placing the variable in a helper class allows it to be accessed from multiple triggers or classes within the transaction.

Sample Code:

public class MyHelperClass {

private static Integer maxAttempts = 0;

public static void incrementAttempts() {

maxAttempts++;

}

public static Integer getMaxAttempts() {

return maxAttempts;

}

}

Benefits:

State Preservation: Static variables maintain their state during the transaction.

Accessibility: Can be accessed from different triggers or classes.

The Lightning Component framework provides:

Option A: Prebuilt components that can be reused

Explanation:

The framework includes a library of base components that developers can use to build custom components and applications.

These components can be reused and combined to create complex UIs.

To support field-level security and sharing in a Lightning Web Component (LWC) form that collects Contact information, and to ensure that only certain fields are editable and viewable by specific user groups, the developer should use the appropriate base components that respect these security settings.

Option B: lightning-input-field

Correct Choice.

Explanation:

The lightning-input-field component is used within lightning-record-edit-form or lightning-record-view-form.

It automatically enforces field-level security and sharing rules.

It ensures that users only see and edit fields they have access to, based on their profile and permission sets.

Option B: Apex Flex Queue.

Monitors batch jobs waiting for execution.

Option C: Apex Jobs.

Shows all asynchronous Apex jobs, including batch and future methods.

Why Not Other Options:

Option A: Developer Console doesn't provide job status.

Option D: Paused Flow Interviews are unrelated to Apex jobs.

References:

Apex Jobs Monitoring:

"The Apex Jobs page displays information about all Apex jobs—batch jobs, future methods, scheduled Apex, and Apex test jobs."— Salesforce Help: Monitor Your Scheduled Jobs

Using Database.insert with allOrNone=false allows partial success in DML operations.

Option D: Use the Database method with allOrNone set to false.

Records that cause errors are not inserted.

Successful records are committed.

Prevents the entire batch from failing.

Why Not Other Options:

Option A: Deactivating the trigger is not practical.

Option B: Removing the class from the profile may cause other issues.

Option C: A try-catch block won't prevent the batch from failing.

References:

Database Methods:

"Use the Database DML methods to specify whether or not to allow partial record processing."— Apex Developer Guide: Using the Database Class

When a Lightning component needs to execute a complex SOQL query that joins two objects, and such queries are not supported directly in Lightning components, the solution is to use an Apex controller method.

Option C: Invoke an Apex class with the method annotated as @AuraEnabled to perform the query.

Correct Approach.

Explanation:

The Lightning component can call an Apex method annotated with @AuraEnabled.

The Apex method can perform the complex SOQL query and return the results to the component.

Since users can see Accounts they do not own in a private sharing model, the custom Apex code is likely not enforcing sharing rules. To enforce sharing permissions, the developer should use the with sharing keyword on the class declaration.

with sharing Keyword: This enforces the sharing rules of the current user, ensuring that the Apex class respects the user's record-level access permissions.

"Use the with sharing keyword when declaring a class to enforce the sharing rules that apply to the current user."— Apex Developer Guide: Using the with sharing or without sharing Keywords

Private Sharing Model: In a private sharing model, users should only see records they own or have been shared with them.

"Private: Only the record owner and users above that role in the hierarchy can view, edit, and report on those records."— Salesforce Help: Organization-Wide Sharing Defaults

Why Not Other Options:

A. Use the schema describe calls to determine if the logged-in user has access to the Account object: Schema describe calls check for object-level access, not record-level sharing.

"Schema describe information provides metadata about object and field properties, but it doesn't enforce record-level access."— Apex Developer Guide: Schema Namespace

C. Use the without sharing keyword on the class declaration: This runs the class in system context, ignoring sharing rules, which is the opposite of what's needed.

"Classes declared as without sharing or those that do not specify a keyword default to without sharing and don't enforce the sharing rules of the current user."— Apex Developer Guide: Using the with sharing or without sharing Keywords

D. Use the UserInfo Apex class to filter all SOQL queries to return records owned by the logged-in user: Manually filtering queries is error-prone and not a best practice when with sharing can enforce sharing automatically.

"Avoid hardcoding user or profile IDs and using the UserInfo class to enforce security. Instead, use declarative security features."— Apex Developer Guide: Enforcing Security in Apex

Conclusion: By declaring the class with with sharing, the Apex code respects the user's sharing rules, ensuring that users only see Accounts they have access to.

Option C: Standard controller and the recordSetVar page attribute

Correct Answer.

Explanation:

Using the recordSetVar attribute with a standard controller enables the Visualforce page to access a set of records selected from a list view.

This allows users to edit multiple records.

When comparing Lightning Web Components (LWC) with Visualforce for the View layer in the MVC paradigm, several advantages stand out.

Option A: Self-contained and reusable units of an application

Correct Advantage.

Explanation:

LWCs are built using modular components that encapsulate their own structure, style, and behavior.

Components can be reused across different parts of the application, promoting consistency and reducing development time.

This modularity allows for better maintainability and scalability.

To perform DML operations that insert new records and update existing records in a list of Order__c records using the external ID field Order_Number__c, you should use:

Option D: upsert orders Order_Number__c;

Upsert Statement:

The upsert DML operation either inserts or updates records based on whether they already exist.

By specifying the external ID field (Order_Number__c), Salesforce will match existing records based on this field.

Syntax:

upsert orders Order_Number__c;

orders is the list of Order__c records.

Order_Number__c is the external ID field used for matching.

When overriding standard buttons in Salesforce Classic and Lightning Experience, different technologies are used.

Salesforce Classic:

Visualforce pages are used to override standard buttons like Edit.

Lightning Experience:

Lightning Components (Aura Components or Lightning Web Components) are used.

Option C: A Visualforce page in Salesforce Classic and a Lightning component in Lightning Experience

Correct Answer.

Explanation:

In Salesforce Classic, override the Edit button with a Visualforce page.

In Lightning Experience, use a Lightning Component to override the Edit action.

To send an outbound message when a record meets specific criteria without using Apex code, we can use features that support outbound message actions.

Option B: Approval Process can be used to check the record criteria and send an outbound message without Apex code.

Correct Feature.

Explanation:

An Approval Process can include outbound message actions.

When a record enters a specific step of the approval process, an outbound message can be sent.

Criteria can be defined to determine when the approval process starts.

To build a responsive application capable of responding to touch events and executed on stateful clients, the developer should use technologies that support modern web standards, responsive design, and touch interactions. The two technologies that meet these requirements are Aura Components and Lightning Web Components.

Option A: Aura Components

Explanation: Aura Components are part of the Lightning Component Framework and are designed to build dynamic web applications for mobile and desktop devices. They support responsive design and can handle touch events, making them suitable for building applications that run on stateful clients.

To add an additional layer of validation for email addresses on Lead records by using automation and possibly an external validation service, the best solution is to use a custom Lightning Web Component (LWC).

Option C: Use a custom Lightning Web Component to make a callout to validate the fields on a third-party system

Real-Time Validation: An LWC can perform client-side validation and make callouts to external systems to validate the email address as the user inputs data.

User Experience: Provides immediate feedback to the user, improving data quality at the point of entry.

Limitations: This solution works when data is entered through the UI using the LWC component.

When working with formula fields in Salesforce, it's important to understand their characteristics and limitations.

Option A: Formulas are calculated at runtime and are not stored in the database.

True.

Explanation:

Formula fields are calculated dynamically whenever the record is accessed.

The value is not stored in the database; instead, it is computed on-the-fly based on the formula definition.

Scenario:

Objects Involved:

Job__c (Master)

Job_Application__c (Detail)

Contact (Related via Master-Detail relationship on Job_Application__c)

Fields:

Preferred_Locations__c (Multi-select picklist on Job__c)

MailingState (Field on Contact)

Requirement:

On Job_Application__c, display whether the Contact's MailingState matches any value in Preferred_Locations__c on the related Job__c.

Keep this value in sync if changes occur to the Contact's MailingState.

Solution:

Option C: Formula field

Correct Approach.

Explanation:

Create a Formula Field on Job_Application__c that compares the Contact's MailingState with the Job's Preferred_Locations__c.

Since Job_Application__c is a detail of Job__c and has a lookup to Contact, the formula can reference fields from both related objects.

Use the INCLUDES() function to check if the MailingState is among the selected values in Preferred_Locations__c.

Sample Formula:

INCLUDES(Job__r.Preferred_Locations__c, Contact__r.MailingState)

This formula returns a Boolean (TRUE or FALSE) indicating whether there's a match.

Benefits:

Real-Time Calculation: Updates automatically when either field changes.

No Code Required: Declarative solution using formula fields.

Maintenance: Easy to manage and update if needed.

In Lightning Web Components (LWC), custom events are used for communication between components. The two characteristics that are true for LWC custom events are:

Option A: Data may be passed in the payload of a custom event using a property called detail.

Explanation: When dispatching a custom event in LWC, you can pass data using the detail property of the event. This allows the parent component to access any data emitted by the child component.

// Child component JavaScript

const myEvent = new CustomEvent('myevent', {

detail: { data: 'Some data' }

});

this.dispatchEvent(myEvent);

To check whether the current user has permission to delete an Account, the developer should use the Schema.sObjectType methods.

Option D: Schema.sObjectType.Account.isDeletable()

Correct Method.

Explanation:

The Schema.sObjectType.Account provides describe information about the Account object.

The isDeletable() method returns a Boolean indicating whether the current user has permission to delete records of this type.

Usage:

if (Schema.sObjectType.Account.isDeletable()) {

// User has permission to delete Accounts

delete accountRec;

} else {

// Handle lack of permission

}

Options Not Applicable:

Option A: Account.isDeletable()

No such static method on the Account object.

Option B: accountRec.sObjectType.isDeletable()

sObjectType returns a token; to get describe results, you need to call getDescribe().

Option C: accountRec.isDeletable()

There is no instance method isDeletable() on sObject records.

Conclusion:

To ensure proper permission checks, the developer should use Schema.sObjectType.Account.isDeletable(), which is Option D.

To allow partial success when inserting a list of records, the developer should use the Database class methods with the allOrNone parameter set to false.

Option B: Database.insert(records, false)

Correct Answer.

Explanation:

The Database.insert() method allows for partial processing.

By setting the second parameter (allOrNone) to false, the operation will attempt to insert all records.

If some records fail, the successful ones will be committed, and the errors can be examined from the result.

Usage:

Database.SaveResult[] results = Database.insert(records, false);

for (Database.SaveResult sr : results) {

if (sr.isSuccess()) {

// Record inserted successfully

} else {

// Handle errors

for (Database.Error err : sr.getErrors()) {

System.debug(err.getMessage());

}

}

}

Option A: An External ID field can be used to reference an ID from another external system.

True.

Explanation:

External IDs are custom fields that have the External ID attribute selected.

They are used to store unique identifiers from external systems, allowing Salesforce to match and integrate data based on external IDs.

To write unit tests for a private method in an Apex class:

Option C: Use the @TestVisible annotation.

Explanation: The @TestVisible annotation allows test methods to access private methods and variables in Apex classes. By annotating the private method with @TestVisible, it becomes accessible within test classes.

Example:

public class MyClass {

@TestVisible

private static void myPrivateMethod() {

// Implementation

}

}

Given that Trainer__c has a lookup field to Gym__c, to retrieve the record for the 'Viridian City Gym' and all its trainers, the correct SOQL query is:

Option A:

SELECT Id, (SELECT Id FROM Trainers__r) FROM Gym__c WHERE Name = 'Viridian City Gym'

Parent-to-Child Query (Subquery):

To retrieve child records (trainers) from the parent record (gym), you perform a subquery using the child relationship name.

Child Relationship Name:

For a lookup relationship, the child relationship name can be found in the relationship settings.

By default, if the lookup field on Trainer__c is Gym__c, the child relationship name is Trainers__r.

Query Breakdown:

SELECT Id, (SELECT Id FROM Trainers__r) FROM Gym__c WHERE Name = 'Viridian City Gym'

Selects the Gym record and all related Trainers.

Why Other Options Are Incorrect:

Option B: (SELECT Id FROM Trainer__c)

Trainer__c is an object, not a relationship name, so the subquery is incorrect.

Option C: SELECT ID FROM Trainer__c WHERE Gym__r.Name = 'Viridian City Gym'

This query retrieves Trainer records, not the Gym record and its trainers as specified.

Option D: (SELECT Id FROM Trainers__c)

Trainers__c is incorrect; the child relationship name should end with __r in subqueries.

To update the Timezone__c field on Account based on the Postal Code and values from PostalCodeToTimezone__c:

Option B: Account Trigger

Explanation:

An Apex trigger can query the PostalCodeToTimezone__c object and update the Timezone__c field when the Postal Code is changed.

To notify the parent component from a child component when a button is clicked:

Option C: Create a custom event

Explanation: In Lightning Web Components, child components communicate with parent components by dispatching custom events.

Child Component:

// ChildComponent.js

handleClick() {

const nextEvent = new CustomEvent('next');

this.dispatchEvent(nextEvent);

}

Parent Component:

javascript

Copy code

// ParentComponent.js

handleNext() {

// Navigate to the next page

}

When using purely declarative development to build the business logic layer in Salesforce, the following options are available:

Option A: Validation Rules

Explanation: Validation rules are declarative tools that enforce business rules on record data entry, ensuring data integrity.

Option C: In a test setup method, test data is inserted once and made available for all test methods in the test class.

True.

The @testSetup method runs once before any test methods in the class.

Test data created in this method is available to all test methods, promoting code reuse and efficiency.

Option D: VS Code

Correct Answer.

Explanation:

Visual Studio Code with the Salesforce Extension Pack is the recommended IDE for developing and fixing Lightning Web Components.

It provides features like syntax highlighting, IntelliSense, debugging, and seamless deployment to a sandbox.

When importing an Apex method into a Lightning Web Component (LWC), the correct syntax is:

import methodName from '@salesforce/apex/ClassName.methodName';

Option D: import updateAccounts from '@salesforce/apex/AccountController.updateaccounts';

Correct Syntax.

Explanation:

import updateAccounts:

Specifies the JavaScript function name to reference in the LWC.

from '@salesforce/apex/AccountController.updateaccounts';:

Indicates that we are importing from an Apex class named AccountController, and the method is updateaccounts.

Case Sensitivity:

The class and method names are case-sensitive and should match the Apex code.

To find the current user's default record type for Opportunity, the developer can use the DescribeSObjectResult and RecordTypeInfo classes.

Option A: Use Opportunity.SObjectType.getDescribe().getRecordTypeInfos() to get a list of record types, and iterate through them until isDefaultRecordTypeMapping() is true.

Correct Approach.

Explanation:

// Get describe result for Opportunity

Schema.DescribeSObjectResult oppDescribe = Opportunity.SObjectType.getDescribe();

// Get list of RecordTypeInfo

List recordTypeInfos = oppDescribe.getRecordTypeInfos();

// Iterate through RecordTypeInfo to find the default one

Id defaultRecordTypeId;

for (Schema.RecordTypeInfo rtInfo : recordTypeInfos) {

if (rtInfo.isAvailable() && rtInfo.isDefaultRecordTypeMapping()) {

defaultRecordTypeId = rtInfo.getRecordTypeId();

break;

}

}