NSE6_WCS-7.0 Fortinet NSE 6 - Cloud Security 7.0 for AWS Question and Answers

Same Region Deployment:

Deploying FortiWeb Cloud in the same AWS region as your web application minimizes latency and ensures faster response times by reducing the distance data needs to travel (Option A).

Content Delivery Network (CDN):

Enabling a CDN can significantly improve response times by caching content closer to the end-users, reducing the load on the origin server, and speeding up content delivery (Option B).

Other Options Analysis:

Option C is incorrect because modifying DNS entries to directly point to your web server bypasses the WAF protection, which is not advisable for security reasons.

Option D is incorrect because disabling WAF functionality would expose your web application to vulnerabilities and threats, compromising security.

References:

AWS Regions and Availability Zones: AWS Regions

Content Delivery Network Overview: AWS CloudFront

Web Filtering:

FortiGate for AWS offers advanced web filtering capabilities, which allow organizations to control and monitor web access. This feature complements AWS's native security services by providing granular control over web traffic (Option B).

OSPF over IPSec:

FortiGate for AWS can establish dynamic routing protocols such as OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) over IPSec tunnels. This capability enhances network routing flexibility and security, which is not natively provided by AWS (Option C).

Secure SD-WAN with Application Visibility:

FortiGate for AWS provides Secure SD-WAN functionality, offering enhanced application visibility and traffic management. This is a significant addition to AWS's networking services, optimizing application performance and security (Option E).

Comparison with Other Options:

Option A (Higher VPN throughput) is not specifically enhanced by FortiGate as compared to AWS native services.

Option D (Advanced dynamic routing) is partially covered under OSPF over IPSec but is not as specific as the other chosen options.

References:

FortiGate for AWS Documentation: FortiGate on AWS

AWS Networking and Content Delivery: AWS Networking

Understanding Fortinet HA CloudFormation Template:

The Fortinet High Availability (HA) CloudFormation template is used to automate the deployment and configuration of FortiGate instances in AWS.

Staging and Bootstrapping FortiGate:

Staging involves preparing the necessary configuration files and resources needed for deployment.

Bootstrapping is the process of automatically configuring FortiGate instances upon deployment.

S3 Bucket Requirement:

The configuration files required for staging and bootstrapping are typically stored in an S3 bucket.

Since the deployment is in the Ohio (US-East-2) region, it is recommended to host the S3 bucket in the same region to minimize latency and ensure regional compliance.

Comparison with Other Options:

Option A is incorrect because while an S3 bucket is required, it should be in the same region (US-East-2).

Option B is incorrect as the template does not automatically create the S3 bucket.

Option D is incorrect as DynamoDB is not used for staging and bootstrapping in this scenario.

References:

Fortinet Documentation: FortiGate on AWS

AWS S3 Documentation: AWS S3

Symmetric Traffic Flow with SNAT:

In active-active (A-A) clusters, symmetric traffic flow is essential for maintaining session integrity across multiple instances. Source Network Address Translation (SNAT) is performed inbound to ensure that return traffic is routed correctly (Option A).

Load Balancer Requirement:

A-A clusters require a load balancer to distribute incoming traffic evenly across the active instances. This is crucial for balancing the load and providing high availability (Option C).

API Calls and Failovers:

Option B is incorrect because failovers in A-A clusters do not typically rely on API calls but are managed by the load balancer and the clustering mechanism itself.

Software-Defined Network (SDN) Failover:

Option D is incorrect as SDN is not specifically required for performing failovers in A-A clusters. The failover mechanism is typically managed by the load balancer and FortiGate's clustering technology.

References:

FortiGate High Availability on AWS: FortiGate HA

AWS Elastic Load Balancing: AWS ELB

Traffic Direction through GWLB Endpoint:

The ingress route table directs inbound traffic to the GWLB through a GWLB endpoint (GWLBe). This endpoint is responsible for directing traffic to the Gateway Load Balancer for further processing (Option B).

GENEVE Encapsulation:

The GWLB encapsulates the inbound traffic using the GENEVE protocol. This encapsulated traffic is then sent to FortiGate instances for security inspection. The use of GENEVE ensures that the original traffic context is preserved and can be analyzed by FortiGate (Option D).

Other Options Analysis:

Option A is incorrect because GWLB does not forward traffic without encapsulation in its dedicated subnet.

Option C is incorrect as the inbound traffic is directed to the GWLB endpoint first, not directly to the application subnet.

References:

AWS Gateway Load Balancer Documentation: AWS GWLB

GENEVE Protocol Overview: GENEVE Protocol

HA Cluster in AWS Cloud:

Deploying an active-passive HA cluster in AWS requires careful consideration of the clustering protocol used to ensure seamless failover and traffic flow.

Unicast FortiGate Clustering Protocol (FGCP):

Unicast FGCP is specifically designed for environments where multicast traffic is not feasible or supported, such as in the AWS cloud. Using unicast FGCP ensures that heartbeat and synchronization traffic between the cluster members are managed correctly over unicast communication, which is suitable for AWS's network infrastructure (Option C).

Comparison with Other Options:

Option A is incorrect because while placing both cluster members in the same availability zone might be required for certain configurations, it is not the critical factor for HA formation.

Option B is incorrect as VDOM exceptions are not directly related to the successful formation of HA.

Option D is incorrect because the ELB configuration checks are more about ensuring that the load balancer correctly routes traffic but do not specifically ensure HA formation and failover.

References:

FortiGate HA in AWS Documentation: FortiGate HA

Fortinet FGCP Details: FGCP Documentation

Load Balancer Configuration Overview:

The provided configuration indicates that the ELB is an internet-facing load balancer.

Multi-AZ Load Balancing:

The load balancer is configured to distribute traffic across multiple availability zones (A, B, and C), ensuring high availability and fault tolerance (Option A).

Accessing Targets via DNS:

The DNS name of the load balancer (LabELB-716e15332f6401f8.elb.us-east-2.amazonaws.com) can be used to reach the targets behind the ELB, facilitating traffic routing to the appropriate instances (Option C).

Comparison with Other Options:

Option B is incorrect as the ARN is not used to access the load balancer directly.

Option D is incorrect because the load balancer is configured for internet-facing traffic, not just internal VPC traffic.

References:

AWS Elastic Load Balancer Documentation: AWS ELB

Understanding ELB DNS: AWS ELB DNS