JN0-223 Automation and DevOps Associate (JNCIA-DevOps) Question and Answers

Juniper Networks supports NETCONF libraries for several programming languages, including:

Python (B): Python has a well-supported NETCONF library calledncclient, which is widely used for automating network configurations across Junos devices.

Go (C): Go also has a NETCONF library (go-netconf), which provides similar functionalities for managing Junos devices.

Ruby (A)andSLAX (D)do not have widely recognized or supported NETCONF libraries directly from Juniper Networks, making Python and Go the correct choices.

Juniper Networks NETCONF Documentation: Lists supported programming languages and libraries for interacting with NETCONF on Junos devices.

ncclientDocumentation: The primary Python library for working with NETCONF.

References:

In Python, to create a list, you use square brackets[]. The correct syntax to create a list containing the numbers 0 through 5 is:

L = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

This statement creates a list object that stores the specified integers.

Other options are incorrect:

Adefines a string, not a list.

Bdefines a set, which is an unordered collection with no duplicate elements.

Ddefines a tuple, which is an immutable sequence, not a list.

Python Official Documentation: Discusses lists, sets, tuples, and their syntaxes.

Python Data Structures Guide: Provides examples of creating and manipulating lists.

References:

The NETCONF protocol, used for network management, utilizes XML for encoding the RPC (Remote Procedure Call) requests and responses. XML is chosen because of its flexibility and ability to represent hierarchical data structures, making it well-suited for representing network configurations and states.

Option Bis correct because XML is the standard format used for NETCONF RPC payloads.

Options A (YAML), C (JSON), and D (HTML)are incorrect because these formats are not used by NETCONF for its RPC payloads.

Supporting References:

RFC 6241 - NETCONF Protocol:This RFC describes the use of XML for encoding NETCONF messages.

In Python, to use a package or module, you use theimportstatement. This statement allows you to load a module into your script so that you can use its functions, classes, and variables. For example, if you wanted to use themathmodule, you would writeimport math. This makes all the functions and constants in themathmodule available for use in your program.

Option A (reap), B (dir), and C (input)do not serve the purpose of importing modules.diris used to list the attributes of an object,inputis used to get user input, andreapis not a valid Python command related to importing modules.

Supporting References:

Python Documentation on Imports:The Python documentation provides clear guidelines on how to use theimportstatement to include modules in your Python scripts.

When using the REST API to retrieve interface configuration information from a Junos device:

Data Formats (C): The information can be retrieved inXMLorJSONformats. These are the two standard data formats supported by the Junos REST API for representing configuration and operational data.

Authentication (D): For each HTTP request, especially when using tools like cURL,authentication information must be included. This is typically done using basic authentication (username and password) or an authentication token.

Option A is incorrect because HTML is not a supported format for REST API data retrieval in Junos, andOption B is incorrectbecause SSH is not required for REST API requests; the REST API typically uses HTTP/HTTPS.

Junos REST API Documentation: Details the data formats (XML, JSON) supported by the Junos REST API and the need for authentication.

cURL Usage with REST API: Provides examples of how to use cURL with Junos REST API, including the necessity of providing authentication.

References:

Juniper Networks' Junos operating system supports several APIs for on-box scripting, two of which are:

JET (Juniper Extension Toolkit): JET is a modern API framework that provides a programmable interface for interacting with Junos. It allows developers to create custom applications that run directly on Junos devices, enabling the automation of network operations. JET provides both a gRPC and a REST API interface, allowing for flexible integration with external systems.

XML API: The Junos XML API allows direct interaction with the Junos OS through XML-based requests. This API can be used to retrieve information, configure devices, and execute commands on Junos devices. The XML API is crucial for automation tasks as it provides a structured and consistent way to interact with the device's configuration and operational data.

JET (A)provides high-performance access to Junos routing, switching, and service elements via programmable interfaces. It is highly used for creating custom applications that require tight integration with the Junos OS.

XML (C), on the other hand, is a well-established method for interacting with Junos, especially for legacy systems or when working within environments where XML is the standard data format.

Detailed Explanation:Other options like Puppet (B) and Chef (D) are not APIs provided by Junos for on-box scripting but are configuration management tools used externally to manage Junos devices.

Juniper Networks JET Documentation: Provides details on how to leverage JET APIs for automation.

Junos XML Management Protocol Guide: Describes how to use XML for scripting and automating tasks in Junos.

References:These APIs are key components of Juniper's automation strategy, allowing for scalable, flexible, and efficient network operations.

ï‚· A. It supports data in CSV format:The Junos REST API supports multiple data formats for transferring information between systems, including XML, JSON, andCSV (Comma Separated Values). This flexibility allows for easier data parsing, especially in environments where structured data (likeCSV) is a standard. CSV is often used for bulk data export or import and reporting purposes, making it an essential format for automation tasks involving external systems or large datasets.

Example Usage in REST API:When using the Junos REST API, a user can request configuration or operational data and specify the response format (XML, JSON, or CSV). CSV is particularly useful when integrating Junos devices with systems that require easily readable, tabular formats.

In Python, the==operator is used to test whether two variables are equal. It returnsTrueif the variables are equal andFalseif they are not.

Option B (==)is correct because it is the equality operator in Python.

Option A (!=)is used for inequality,Option C (%)is the modulus operator, andOption D (=)is used for assignment, not for testing equality.

Supporting References:

Python Documentation on Operators:The official Python documentation covers the use of==for equality checks.

When using the REST API on a Junos device, theisrpd(Integrated Service Routing Process Daemon) process is responsible for handling REST API requests. This process listens for incoming HTTP requests and processes them accordingly, including retrieving interface configuration information when a GET request is made.

Option Bis correct because theisrpdprocess handles the REST API requests on a Junos device.

Options A (mod process), C (rpd process), and D (isd process)are incorrect in this context as they either do not exist or serve different purposes on a Junos device.

Supporting References:

Juniper Networks REST API Documentation:Provides insights into how REST API requests are managed and processed by theisrpdprocess on Junos devices.

In Junos automation, several processes handle API requests, and understanding which process handles what is crucial:

jsd Process:

XML API Calls (A): Thejsdprocess is responsible for handling XML API calls, which are a significant part of Junos automation. XML API allows for structured and standardized communication with Junos devices, enabling automation scripts to query and configure devices.

JET API Requests (C): Thejsdprocess also handles JET (Junos Extension Toolkit) API requests. JET provides a more modern, programmable interface for interacting with Junos OS, andjsdis the process that manages these interactions.

mgd Process(Incorrect Option):

Not for JET API Requests: Themgdprocess handles general management operations, such as CLI commands and managing the configuration database, but it does not handle JET API requests. That role is fulfilled byjsd.

mod Process(Incorrect Option):

Not for XML API Calls: Themodprocess deals with managing chassis components and is not involved in handling XML API calls.

Juniper Networks JET and XML API Documentation: Describes the roles ofjsdin handling both XML and JET API requests.

Junos Automation and DevOps Documentation: Provides insights into how different processes interact with Junos APIs.

References: