Desktop-Specialist Tableau Desktop Specialist Exam Question and Answers

Explanation

To interactively display information from the web INSIDE a dashboard, you can use a URL action with a web page object.

For example, you might have a dashboard that shows profits by country. In addition to showing the profit data in your dashboard, you also want to display supplemental information about the countries from a web site.

According to the Tableau Help, one of the ways to improve a crosstab is to “Include an Other group”. The help also states that “If you have a large number of members in a dimension, you can create groups to combine low-frequency members into an Other group. This can help you focus on the most relevant data and reduce clutter in your view” (page 2).

We know that continuous fields will always create an axis, so options stating 'header' are automatically eliminated. For our question, see below:

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Had the question asked us to place this pill on the Rows shelf instead, we would've gotten a different answer:

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Three statements that accurately describe dimensions are: Contain qualitative values Affect the level of detail in the view Can be continuous or discrete Dimensions are fields that contain qualitative values, such as names, dates, or geographical data. You can use dimensions to categorize, segment, and reveal the details in your data. Dimensions affect the level of detail in the view by creating headers or labels for marks or by defining how data is partitioned for table calculations. Dimensions can be continuous or discrete depending on their data type and format. Continuous dimensions are those that have an infinite range of possible values, such as numbers or ratios. Discrete dimensions are those that have a finite number of distinct values, such as names, categories, or dates3 The other options are not accurate statements about dimensions. Contain numeric, quantitative values is not correct, because fields that contain numeric, quantitative values are measures, not dimensions. Measures are fields that contain numeric values that you can measure and aggregate. Affect the formatting options in the view is not correct, because formatting options are not determined by dimensions, but rather by user preferences and choices. Formatting options allow you to change the appearance of various elements in the workbook, such as fonts, borders, shading, alignment, etc3

The following showcase how you can show mark labels. Using the Sample Superstore dataset:

1) Let's create a Bar chart showing the sales for each sub-category:

2) Now you can show labels by:

2.1) Click on Show Mark Labels Icon in the Toolbar ( easiest )

2.2) Drag Sales to the Text icon in the Marks Card:

2.3) Click on Analysis -> Show mark labels from the Tableau menu bar:

From the official documentation, the following are the major advantages of using Tableau Data Extracts:

From Tableau 2020.2 onwards, .hyper is the recommended way since it is faster than .tde!

Explanation

Data fields are made from the columns in your data source. Each field is automatically assigned a data type (such as integer, string, date), and a role: Discrete Dimension or Continuous Measure (more common), or Continuous Dimension or Discrete Measure (less common).

Dimensions contain qualitative values (such as names, dates, or geographical data). You can use dimensions to categorize, segment, and reveal the details in your data. Dimensions affect the level of detail in the view.

Measures contain numeric, quantitative values that you can measure. Measures can be aggregated. When you drag a measure into the view, Tableau applies an aggregation to that measure (by default).

To display multiple distinct lines on the same axis based on a field, you should place the field on the Color shelf in the Marks card. This will encode each distinct value in the Region field with a different color, resulting in separate lines for each region on the same axis.

Explanation

The following is the official documentation for the String function LEFT:

Hierarchies in Tableau allow users to drill up and down to explore data at different levels of detail. By setting up a hierarchy, users can navigate through levels of the hierarchy to analyze data at each level, from the highest summary down to the finest detail.

Tableau will automatically create a hierarchy for date and geographic data. A hierarchy is a way of organizing data into different levels of detail. For example, a date hierarchy can have year, quarter, month, and day levels. A geographic hierarchy can have country, state, city, and zip code levels. Tableau recognizes date and geographic data based on their data types and formats, and creates hierarchies for them by default. Tableau does not automatically create hierarchies for date & time or string data3

To perform a union in Tableau, the tables must have a related field with matching data types, and they must have the same number of fields. This allows the tables to be appended vertically in the data source. Different names or tables from different connections do not affect the ability to union the tables.

To create a stacked bar chart in Tableau, you can drag a second dimension to the Color shelf on the Marks card. This action will segment the bars already present in the chart by the new dimension, stacking the segments on top of each other within each bar. This is a common method to add additional layers of detail to a bar chart and effectively compare parts to a whole across categories.

You can perform two actions when you join tables from multiple connections: add a data source filter and create an extract. A data source filter is a filter that you can apply to the data source before it is loaded into Tableau. This can help improve performance and reduce the amount of data in the view. A data source filter can be applied to any data source, including those that use cross-database joins2 An extract is a snapshot of data that is stored locally on your computer or on Tableau Server. An extract can also improve performance and enable offline analysis. You can create an extract from any data source, including those that use cross-database joins3 You cannot perform the other two actions when you join tables from multiple connections: create a union or use a stored procedure. A union is a method for combining data by appending rows of one table onto another table. To union your data in Tableau, the tables must come from the same connection. You cannot union tables from different data sources or connections4 A stored procedure is a set of SQL statements that can be executed on a database server. Tableau does not support using stored procedures as part of a cross-database join. You can only use stored procedures with some single-connection relational data sources, such as Microsoft SQL Server, Oracle, or PostgreSQL5

According to the official Tableau documentation:

Tableau packaged workbooks have the .twbx file extension. A packaged workbook is a single zip file that contains a workbook along with any supporting local file data and background images. This format is the best way to package your work for sharing with others who don’t have access to the original data. For more information, see Packaged Workbooks.

A parameter is a global placeholder value such as a number, date, or string that can replace a constant value in a calculation, filter, or reference line.

For example, you may create a calculated field that returns True if Sales is greater than $500,000 and otherwise returns False. You can replace the constant value of “500000” in the formula with a parameter. Then, using the parameter control, you can dynamically change the threshold in your calculation.

For example -

The Tableau workspace consists of menus, a toolbar, the Data pane, cards and shelves, and one or more sheets. Sheets can be worksheets, dashboards, or stories. For details on dashboard or story workspaces, see Create a Dashboard or The Story Workspace.

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The main thing you do in the workspace is to create visualisations to analyze your data.

Renaming data fields, cleaning the data, previewing the data can all be done in the Data source window.

The relative date filter can be used to select a range of dates relative to the current date, such as the past month, the current quarter, etc. This filter type dynamically adjusts the range based on the current system date, making it suitable for use with the TODAY() function.

Explanation

Yes, it is possible to disable highlighting for the entire workbook.

For more information : https://help.tableau.com/current/pro/desktop/en-gb/actions_highlight.htm

It contains all the measures in your data, collected into a single field with continuous values - This is the definition for 'Measure Values'.

All others are True w.r.t. Measure Names!

The Measure Names field contains the names of all measures in your data, collected into a single field with discrete values.

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Documentation : https://help.tableau.com/current/pro/desktop/en-us/datafields_understanddatawindow_meavalues.htm

From the official documentation:

When you have a view with a large amount of data you might want to explore your data interactively and highlight a specific mark or group of marks while still maintaining the context of where those marks show in your view.

To do this you can turn on the Highlighter for one or more discrete fields that are included in your view and that affect the level of detail

Example - Here we just want to focus on Public Affairs college dimension, but don't want to filter out or remove the rest of the data:

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Note that filtering is not the correct option since that would REMOVE the data that doesn't match the filtering criteria.

Reference : https://help.tableau.com/current/pro/desktop/en-us/actions_highlight_highlighter.htm

Replace References: 

When you successfully connect to a new data source, all worksheets in the workbook that previously referred to the original data source now refer to the new data source. If the new data source does not have the same field names as the original workbook, the fields become invalid and are marked with an exclamation point . You can quickly resolve the problem by replacing the field’s references.

For example, say you have a workbook connected to a data source that contains a Customer Name field. Then you edit the data source to point to a new data source that has all the same data but instead of Customer Name, the field name has been changed to Name. The Customer Name field remains in the Data pane but is marked as invalid. To make the field valid, you can replace the references, which means you can map the invalid field to a valid field in the new data source (for example, Customer Name corresponds to Name).

Read more at : https://help.tableau.com/current/pro/desktop/en-us/howto_connect.htm

Explanation

Yes! To concatenate fields, they must be of same data type. However, there is a workaround which we can use - Type casting. See below:

Here, State and City are Strings, but Postal Code? Nope. It's an Integer. So we can simply use the STR() function to convert it into a String, and hence the entire equation becomes valid!

As a general best practice, your pie chart should contain 2 to 5 categories. Anything more than that is not easy for the eyes to distinguish. This is a common question and mentioned in Tableau's own eLearning module as well!

See how to build a pie chart:

Explanation

Yes! It is possible to duplicate a field and add it to more than one hierarchy. Right click and choose duplicate.

According to the [Tableau Desktop Specialist Exam Guide], an incremental refresh only adds rows that are new, based on a specified column and value. A full refresh replaces all the extracted data with the data in the underlying data source. A full refresh is usually very slow, especially for large extracts. An incremental refresh can take less time, depending on how many new rows are added. A full refresh does not need to be configured, it is the default option for extracts in Tableau. An incremental refresh can be run from both Tableau Desktop and Tableau Server.

According to Tableau's order of operations, the Extract filter is right at the top of the hierarchy. The data filtered in the Extract is then passed on to what we see in the Data Pane. See below:

Measure Names is a dimension. Latitude, Longitude, and Number of records are all measures.

Explanation

As the question mentions, we need to create a SET with the following conditions -> Choose only those customers whose Sales > 30,000

1) Right click on customer name --> Create --> Set

2) Let's Name the Set - Customer>30k ( you can name it anything you want :) )

Select USE ALL, and then move to the CONDITION TAB:

3) In the Condition Tab, Choose BY FIELD -> Select Sales -> Sum -> Greater than 30000 , and click OK

4) You should now have a new Set in the Data Pane as follows:

5) Drag this set to the rows shelf, and click on SHOW MEMBERS IN SET. Now drag Sales to the Column Shelf.

6) Click on the Show Mark Labels, and Sort ascending icons as shown:

7) Voila! We have our answer:

c

Explanation

Here's how to add image files to your repository:

1) Find image file on the internet. I try to find consistent image formats if I plan to use a set of shapes such as logos or flags.

2) Download the image to your computer.

3) Drag images into your My Documents -> My Tableau repository -> Shapes folder.

4) Open Tableau and your new shapes will automatically be included in your "edit shapes" menu.

From the official documentation:

The default view that you first see in the Data Source page canvas is the logical layer of the data source. You combine data in the logical layer using relationships (or noodles).

Explanation

Joins combine tables by adding more columns of data across similar row structures. This can cause data loss or duplication if tables are at different levels of detail, and joined data sources must be fixed before analysis can begin.

Inner join

Left Join

Blends, unlike relationships or joins, never truly combine the data. Instead, blends query each data source independently, the results are aggregated to the appropriate level, then the results are presented visually together in the view.

From the data pane, simply right click on the dimension, choose geographic role, and then select the appropriate role as follows:

Explanation

This is true, indeed!

The LEFT JOIN keyword returns all records from the left table (table1), and the matched records from the right table (table2). The result is NULL from the right side, if there is no match.

When creating an extract in Tableau, there are several options to control how much data is included in the extract. These options include hiding all unused fields to reduce the size of the extract, aggregating the data for visible dimensions to summarize it, and applying filters to extract only the data that meets certain criteria.

The default behavior of Tableau when you add a measure to the view is to automatically apply an aggregation to that measure. The type of aggregation applied can vary depending on the context of the view. For example, if no other measures or dimensions affect the measure, Tableau might default to SUM. However, if there are other dimensions in the view that define the level of detail, the aggregation might be different to reflect the context.

Data blending simulates a traditional left join. The main difference between the two is when the aggregation is performed. A join combines the data and then aggregates. A blend aggregates and then combines the data.

From the official website:

The beauty of context filters is that according to Tableau's Order of Operations, they are executed before Sets.

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This means that based on what Region's you've selected - Tableau will first only preserve the rows for those Regions. THEN, after this it will compute the Set , i.e , Bottom 10 products in each Region.

1) First let's create a set to compute the Bottom 10 Products by Profit.

2) Next, take region on the Rows Shelf followed by the Set we just created. Drag Region and the Set to the Filters Shelf as well.

3) Now, try to only visualize the data for the South Region:

4) The problem right now is that Tableau is computing the Set first (Bottom 10 Products), and then applying the Dimension Filter - South Region and hence these values are incorrect. Note how these aren't even 10 products, but rather just 8. To fix this, simply add Region to Context:

Upon doing this, we get the correct answer as : 

References: https://help.tableau.com/current/pro/desktop/en-us/order_of_operations.htm

https://help.tableau.com/current/pro/desktop/en-us/filtering_context.htm

Important question! If you selected Dimension and Measure, don't worry! It is a very common mistake. But we're here to learn aren't we?

When you connect to a new data source, Tableau assigns each field in the data source as dimension or measure in the Data pane, depending on the type of data the field contains. You use these fields to build views of your data.

The View Data window displays as much of the data as possible by default, up to 10,000 rows. This can be increased though, if you wish to.

Read more: https://help.tableau.com/current/pro/desktop/en-gb/inspectdata_viewdata.htm

Explanation

You can add a reference line to any continuous axis in the view.

To add a reference line:

Drag Reference Line from the Analytics pane into the view. Tableau shows the possible destinations. The range of choices varies depending on the type of item and the current view.

In a simple case, the drop target area offers three options:

The Marks Card allows us not only to edit the Shape, Text and Colour, but also to modify the Tooltip and the level of detail of the visualisation!

The Marks card is a key element for visual analysis in Tableau. As you drag fields to different properties in the Marks card, you add context and detail to the marks in the view.

You use the Marks card to set the mark type (see Change the Type of Mark in the View), and to encode your data with color, size, shape, text, and detail. To change the mark settings, see Control the Appearance of Marks in the View.

In this example, three different fields have been dragged to different properties in the Marks card. Segment is on Color, Region is on Shape, and Quantity is on Size.

After you add a field to the Marks card, you can click the icon next to the field to change the property it is using. You can also click the property buttons in the Marks card to change those settings.

Many properties can have multiple fields. For example, you can add multiple fields to Label, Detail, Tooltip, and Color. Size and Shape can only have one field at a time. For more details, see Control the Appearance of Marks in the View.

In Tableau, you can rename a field directly in the Data pane by clicking and holding on the field name until it becomes editable, allowing you to type a new name. Alternatively, you can use the drop-down menu associated with the field in the Data pane and select the "Rename" option. Both methods provide a quick and easy way to change the name of a field without affecting the underlying data structure. The "Format menu" and "Replace References" option do not apply to renaming fields.

In Tableau, a Fixed Level of Detail (LOD) expression calculates values at a specific level of granularity, regardless of the dimensions in the view. The computation of a fixed LOD expression can be influenced by a context filter. A context filter serves as a primary filter, setting the context for the rest of the filters in the view. When a context filter is applied, it effectively changes the level at which the fixed LOD expression is computed, thereby affecting its outcome. Other types of filters, such as table calculation, measure, and dimension filters, do not have this influence on fixed LOD expressions.

In Tableau, parameters are dynamic values that can replace a constant in calculations, filters, and reference lines. If you have a parameter controlling a calculation, changing the parameter value can change the results of that calculation, thus impacting the visualization. Parameters can also be used to switch between different fields in the visualization; for example, allowing users to choose which measure or dimension to display.

Explanation

When you connect to a new data source, Tableau assigns each field in the data source as dimension or measure in the Data pane, depending on the type of data the field contains. You use these fields to build views of your data.

Further,

Explanation

Stacked bar charts will usually have lesser number of bars compared to a normal bar chart:

Normal bar chart - 9 bars

Stacked Bar Chart - 3 bars

We can easily see a 'part-of-a-whole' methodology being used here as well - we are seeing the breakdown of Segments within each Category.

To easily visualize trends over time - This is the definition of a line chart.

To visualize each discrete category using a separate bar - This can be accomplished using a simple bar chart, why use a stacked one?

In Tableau, to create a reference line, one of the axes in the view must contain an aggregated measure. Reference lines are typically used to add context or additional information to the data in a view, and they are often based on some form of aggregate such as the average, median, sum, etc., of a measure.

It is very much possible to specify the formatting at a WORKBOOK level (all sheets) instead of a single worksheet level.

You can quickly change how fonts, titles, and lines look in every view in a workbook by specifying format settings at the workbook level, instead of the worksheet level.

For example, you might want to use a specific font, size, and color so that all views adhere to your company's brand. You might also want to remove grid lines from your views—or make them more noticeable by increasing their pixel size or color.

You can also change the theme used by your workbook. Themes control items like the default font, colors, and line thickness. When you create a new workbook, it automatically uses the Default theme, which uses visual best practices.

Change fonts in your workbook:

You can change all fonts in your workbook or you can change fonts for only certain areas, such as just worksheet titles.

1) On the Format menu, select Workbook.

2) The Format Workbook pane replaces the Data pane on the left and provides a series of drop-down lists where you can change all font settings in a workbook, as well as the font settings for titles of worksheets, stories, and dashboards.

Note: If you have made font changes at the worksheet level, such as on a filter card or a worksheet title, changing the font at the WORKBOOK level will overwrite those changes.

Reset a workbook to its default settings

When you make changes to your workbook's font settings, a gray dot appears next to the setting in the Format Workbook pane. You can quickly switch back to default settings using the Reset to Defaults button.

1) On the Format menu, select Workbook.

2) In the Format Workbook pane, click Reset to Defaults.

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Explanation

To reach the correct answer, follow these steps:

1) You can simply drag Country to the view, and look at the marks in the bottom left of Tableau Desktop - 147 marks!

2) Or, you can simply go to Data Source -> Country Tab -> Describe

As you can see, 147 members exist in this Country column!

To visually group marks in Tableau, you typically start by selecting the marks directly in the view. Once the desired marks are selected, you can then create a group from them. This will visually group the selected marks, as indicated by the blue color in the example provided.

Explanation

It is possible to open a Tableau support case by visiting the following link : https://www.tableau.com/support/case

Explanation

You can show trend lines in a visualization to highlight trends in your data.

To add trend lines to a view, both axes must contain a field that can be interpreted as a number. For example, you cannot add a trend line to a view that has the Product Category dimension, which contains strings, on the Columns shelf and the Profit measure on the Rows shelf.

However, you can add a trend line to a view of sales over time because both sales and time can be interpreted as numeric values.

Explanation

To reach the correct answer, follow these steps:

1) Drag Order Date (Discrete Year) to the Column shelf, and Region to the Row Shelf as shown:

2) Drag Profit to Text in the Marks Shelf as shown:

3) Click on Analysis as shown -> Totals -> SELECT ROW GRAND TOTALS

The following will be the final view:

You could also Filter by Region to only Focus on Canada, but that's your choice:

THEREFORE,

2012 = 4,888

2011 -> 2014 = 17,817

Yes, due to the nature of blends, there are some conditions as follows from the official documentation that must be kept in mind while working with blends:

In addition to handling calculations slightly differently, there are some limitations on secondary data sources. You may not be able to sort by a field from a secondary data source, and action filters may not work as expected with blended data. For more information, see Other data blending issues.

By default, measures placed in a view are aggregated. Mostly you'll notice that the aggregation is SUM, but not ALWAYS.

The type of aggregation applied varies depending on the context of the view.

Names and Categories would be mostly used as dimensions (categorical data).

Profit and measures contain quantitative data and would be more suitable for Measures!

Discrete measures and discrete dimensions appear blue in Tableau. Discrete fields are those that have a finite number of distinct values, such as names, categories, or dates. Discrete fields are usually used to create headers or labels in the view. Blue fields indicate that the field is discrete. Continuous measures and continuous dimensions appear green in Tableau. Continuous fields are those that have an infinite range of possible values, such as numbers or ratios. Continuous fields are usually used to create axes or color gradients in the view. Green fields indicate that the field is continuous1

Explanation

By default, all filters that you set in Tableau are computed independently. That is, each filter accesses all rows in your data source without regard to other filters. However, you can set one or more categorical filters as context filters for the view. You can think of a context filter as being an independent filter. Any other filters that you set are defined as dependent filters because they process only the data that passes through the context filter.

You may create a context filter to:

1) Improve performance – If you set a lot of filters or have a large data source, the queries can be slow. You can set one or more context filters to improve performance.

2) Create a dependent numerical or top N filter – You can set a context filter to include only the data of interest, and then set a numerical or a top N filter.

No, by default, animations are not enabled in Tableau.

We can animate visualizations to better highlight changing patterns in your data, reveal spikes and outliers, and see how data points cluster and separate.

Animations visually transition between filter, sort, and zoom settings, different pages, and changes to filter, parameter, and set actions. As visualizations animate in response to these changes, viewers can more clearly see how data differs, helping them make better informed decisions.

When you author animations, you can choose between two different styles: simultaneous or sequential. Here are examples of each type.

1) Simultaneous animations

The default simultaneous animations are faster and work well when showing value changes in simpler charts and dashboards.

2) Sequential animations

Sequential animations take more time but make complex changes clearer by presenting them step-by-step.

To Animate visualizations in a workbook:

1) Choose Format > Animations.

2) If you want to animate every sheet, under Workbook Default, click On. Then do the following:

For Duration, choose a preset, or specify a custom duration of up to 10 seconds.

For Style, choose Simultaneous to play all animations at once or Sequential to fade out marks, move and sort them, and then fade them in.

3) To override workbook defaults for a particular sheet, change the settings under Selected Sheet.

According to the official Tableau documentation:

Depending on the version the extract was created in, Tableau extract files can have either the .hyper or .tde file extension. Extract files are a local copy of a subset or entire data set that you can use to share data with others, when you need to work offline, and improve performance. For more information, see Extract Your Data.

you can change the data type of a field from the Data Source tab by clicking on the drop-down menu of the field or by clicking the data type icon of the field. You cannot change the data type of a field from the Data pane or by selecting and holding the field.

The following options are available in the Device preview section when creating a Dashboard:

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A histogram is a chart that displays the shape of a distribution. A histogram looks like a bar chart but groups values for a continuous measure into ranges, or bins.

The basic building blocks for a histogram are as follows:

Demo :

Explanation

After creating a dual axis chart, make sure to synchronise their axis since they both might not be having the same y-axis.

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To align the two axes in a dual axes chart to use the same scale, right-click (control-click on Mac) the secondary axis, and select Synchronize Axis. This aligns the scale of the secondary axis to the scale of the primary axis.

In this example, the Sales axis is the secondary axis and the Profit axis is the primary axis.

If you would like to change which axis is the primary, and which axis is the secondary, select the field on the Columns or Rows shelf that is the secondary, and drag it in front of the primary field on the shelf until you see an orange triangle appear.

In this example, you can select the SUM(Sales) field on the Rows shelf, and drag it in front of the SUM(Profit) field. The Sales axis is now the primary and the Profit axis is the secondary.

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Since Sales is a measure, it can easily be depicted via size.

To drill down and change the level of detail, Country is the correct choice since it will contain STATE. We can then depict the various states by different shapes such as circle, square etc.

Finally, the Profit can be depicted via a color! Eg - Red for poor and green for excellent profits!

Explanation

Sets are custom fields that are created within Tableau Desktop based on dimensions from your data source. They are subsets of your data, which can be created manually or computed. Either dimensions or measures can be used to determine what is included or excluded from a set using conditional logic, but to CREATE a set we use dimensions.

Reference : https://interworks.com/blog/rcurtis/2016/10/26/tableau-deep-dive-sets-introduction-sets/

When users connect to Tableau, the data fields in their data set are automatically assigned a role and a type.

Role can be of the following two types:

1) Dimension

2) Measure

Type can be of the following :

1) String

2) Number

3) Geographic

4) Boolean

5) Date

6) Date and Time

Data blending is performed on a sheet-by-sheet basis and is established when a field from a second data source is used in the view. To create a blend in a workbook already connected to at least two data sources, bring a field from one data source to the sheet—it becomes the primary data source.

Switch to the other data source and use a field on the same sheet—it becomes a secondary data source. An orange linking icon will appear in the data pane, indicating which field(s) are being used to blend the data sources.

According to the official Tableau Documentation:

To read more about Data Blending, click on THIS link.

Explanation

As the names suggest, if we subtract the order date from the shipping date, we simply get the number of days between these 2 dates.

We can these use this calculated field in our charts, and can use COUNT, SUM, AVG etc with them according to our need.

Explanation

GDP / Population = GDP Per Capita

Here Sum is a function, / and + are operators. On the bottom there are comments.

To display the complete list of potential data connections when connecting to a server in Tableau, you should select "More" under the "To a Server" option. This action will provide a comprehensive list of server types and data sources that Tableau can connect to.

Two use cases for creating hierarchies from the Data pane are to add drilldown functionality for fields and to organize related fields together. A hierarchy is a way of organizing data into different levels of detail. For example, a date hierarchy can have year, quarter, month, and day levels. A geographic hierarchy can have country, state, city, and zip code levels. By creating hierarchies from the Data pane, you can quickly drill down or up in a hierarchy to add or subtract more levels of detail in the view. You can also use hierarchies to group related fields together in the Data pane, making it easier to find and use them14 The other options are not valid use cases for creating hierarchies from the Data pane. To concatenate all fields into a single field, you need to use a calculated field or a join, not a hierarchy. To create faster-performing queries, you need to optimize your data source, filters, calculations, or extracts, not create hierarchies

Extracts would be more beneficial for analyzing historical prices where we won't be making use of any real time data being streamed. Same is the case for enormous datasets having billions of rows (extracts will be more efficient in analyzing subsets of such large data).

As for live stock prices, flight updates, real time updates from production or mission critical systems - having a live connection is the most logical choice, since we need access to the most fresh and recent data possible at all times!

For Standard Deviation and Variance, we don't need to use quick table calculations, since they are available by default. See below:

However, as seen in the types of quick table calculations available in Tableau, Rank and Moving Average belong to only this category.

February is a discrete date part, because it is a specific value that can be used to group or filter data by month. 07Mar2017, 20Sep2016:9:8:8:6546, and 01/23/2021 are continuous date values, because they represent points along a continuous timeline that can be used for analysis.

**IMPORTANT QUESTION AND EXPLANATION, PLEASE READ**

3 ways to group data -

1) Marks

2) Labels

3) Dimensions shelf.

*IMPORTANT*

If we Group the data by selecting the marks, then they remain separate marks in the view and then have the same colour. Also, a new group is created in the Dimensions shelf. Example -

Using the sample superstore dataset, first plot a bar chart showing sales for each sub-category:

Here, if we Select Phones, Chairs and Storage by selecting the MARKS (Bars), and then group them:

They remain seperate marks (BARS) but are grouped by the same colour.

Now, if we didn't do this, and rather grouped by selecting their Labels (Names):

Then they no longer remain separate Marks (bars) but are rather consolidated into a single Bar:

Finally, we can group directly from the Dimensions shelf as follows:

Now choose Phones, Chairs and Storage and Click Group:

You will now automatically have a new Dimension as follows:

A URL action is a hyperlink that points to a web page, file, or other web-based resource outside of Tableau. You can use URL actions to create an email or link to additional information about your data. To customize links based on your data, you can automatically enter field values as parameters in URLs.

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When you click the icon to the right of Air Ticketing Cabin Type Name, the highlighter toggles on or off. The highlighter is a feature that allows you to highlight marks in the view that match a specific value or condition. You can access the highlighter by clicking the icon next to a dimension or measure in the legend, filter, or parameter. The icon looks like a light bulb with a plus sign. When you click the icon, a highlighter box will appear where you can enter or select a value to highlight. The marks that match the value will be highlighted in the view, while the others will be dimmed. You can also use the highlighter box to search for values, clear the highlighting, or lock the highlighting. To turn off the highlighter, you can click the icon again or close the highlighter box. The other options are not correct descriptions of what occurs when you click the icon to the right of Air Ticketing Cabin Type Name. The filter options do not open, because the icon is not for filtering, but for highlighting. The legend does not toggle on or off, because the icon is not for showing or hiding the legend, but for accessing the highlighter. The Edit Colors dialog box does not open, because the icon is not for changing the colors of marks, but for highlighting them.

Explanation

Follow along to get the correct answer:

• Drag Country to the view, and then Patents to the Size Mark on the Marks shelf as follows :

2) But, this isn't all right? We need to focus on the year 2013. This can be done by using the year column as it is (continuous) in the filter shelf, or by converting it to discrete first and then using it:

2.1 As it is (continuous)

2.2 Converting to discrete first & then using it

and then :

3) We can now see that France, with 485 has the 2nd most number of patents for the year 2013

From the official Tableau documentation:

You can union your data to combine two or more tables by appending values (ROWS) from one table to another. To union your data in Tableau data source, the tables must come from the same connection.

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Explanation

Whenever you add a measure to your view, an aggregation is applied to that measure by default. This default is controlled by the Aggregate Measures setting in the Analysis menu.

If you decide you want to see all of the marks in the view at the most detailed level of granularity, you can disaggregate the view. Disaggregating your data means that Tableau will display a separate mark for every data value in every row of your data source.

To disaggregate all measures in the view:

Clear the Analysis >Aggregate Measures option. If it is already selected, click Aggregate Measures once to deselect it.

Explanation

We can perform filter, URL and highlight actions out of the above given choices on a dashboard. Please refer to the image below:

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When the Physical Tables option is selected for an extract in Tableau, an individual table is created for each physical table in the extract. This means that the extract will include a separate table for each underlying table in your database, maintaining the database's structure within the extract. This can be useful when you need to preserve the original granularity of the data or when working with certain database optimizations.

This is a tricky question. We are talking about story POINTS, and not entire stories in the question.

To create a story, lets say I have a blank story with 1 dashboard and 1 worksheet.

I can simply drag the dashboard into the view to create a new story point.

Now, if I try to adjust the worksheet beside it in this same view, I cannot. See below:

The only option available is to replace the existing view. Therefore, the answer is NO since they both cannot be added.

Read more about stories in Tableau: https://help.tableau.com/current/pro/desktop/en-us/story_create.htm

Explanation

You can create a group to combine related members in a field. The icon associated with a group is a paper clip!

Explanation

Tricky options! Go to hyperlink and Go to Web page are not valid Actions in Tableau.

A URL action is a hyperlink that points to a web page, file, or other web-based resource outside of Tableau. You can use URL actions to create an email or link to additional information about your data. To customize links based on your data, you can automatically enter field values as parameters in URLs.

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Explanation

This question is directly from the Official Tableau Desktop Specialist exam guide.

Since we are talking about the AVERAGE home values for the United States in 2016, the question is directly offering us a hint that the answer has something to do with aggregation and that too the values tell us that we're working with MEASURES.

Date part and Date values don't really make much sense given the question, and neither does geography.

Therefore, the answer naturally is "An aggregated measure".

All answers except November are examples of Date Values (continuous in nature).

See below:

You can see that the option in Green symbolizes our correct answer, i.e only a Month. In our case that month is November (the correct answer).

All other options are combinations of a year with one other value (like a month, quarter, or day). So this is how by looking at an option you can know if its a date part or date value!

Explanation

Relative date filters dynamically update to show a time period relative to when you open the view, such as the current week, the year to date, or the past 10 days. Relative date filters make it easy to create views that always show the most recent data.

Step 1: Drag a date field to the filter shelf

Right-click (control-click on Mac) and drag a date field from the Data window to the Filters shelf. In the Filter Field dialog box, click Relative Date, and then click Next.

Step 2: Select a time unit

In the Filter dialog box, click Relative dates, and then select the unit of time for the filter. For example, to show only the three most recent weeks, select Weeks.

Here, you can clearly see that the default date is TODAY

An Individual Axis in Tableau is obtained by adding a continuous into Rows or Columns Shelf.

Example:

In order to show Individual Axis in Tableau First, we drag and drop the Color from Dimension shelf to Column Shelf. Next, we drag and drop the Sales Amount from measures shelf to Rows Shelf. Since it is a continuous value, the Sales Amount will be aggregated to default Sum. Once you drag them, following Chart report will be generated.

Next, we drag and Drop one more measure value, i.e., Total Product Cost from Measures Region to Rows Shelf. Because it is a Measure value, Total Product Cost is aggregated to default Sum. From the below screenshot, you can observe that Tableau has created an individual axis for each measure (continuous field).