Associate-Data-Practitioner Google Cloud Associate Data Practitioner ( ADP Exam ) Question and Answers

In BigQuery ML, when creating a logistic regression model to predict customer churn, the correct query should:

Exclude the target label column (in this case, churned) from the feature columns, as it is used for training and not as a feature input.

Rename the target label column to label, as BigQuery ML requires the target column to be named label.

The chosen query satisfies these requirements:

SELECT * EXCEPT(churned), churned AS label: Excludes churned from features and renames it to label.

The OPTIONS(model_type='logistic_reg') specifies that a logistic regression model is being trained.

This setup ensures the model is correctly trained using the features in the dataset while targeting the churned column for predictions.

To analyze audio files stored in a Cloud Storage bucket and represent them in BigQuery, you should create an object table. Object tables in BigQuery are designed to represent objects stored in Cloud Storage, including their metadata. This enables you to query the metadata of audio files directly from BigQuery without duplicating the data. Once the object table is created, you can use it in conjunction with other BigQuery ML workflows for inference and analysis.

Dataform workflowsare the ideal solution for migrating batch transformation pipelines to Google Cloud when you want to perform programmatic transformations using only SQL. Dataform allows you to define SQL-based workflows for data transformations and supports Git integration for version control, enabling collaboration and version tracking of your pipelines. This approach is purpose-built for SQL-driven data pipeline management and aligns perfectly with your requirements.

Using Dataflow with a Python-coded Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG) is the most efficient solution for generating a weekly aggregated sales report based on a large volume of data. Dataflow is optimized for large-scale data processing and can handle aggregation efficiently. Python allows you to customize the pipeline logic, and Cloud Scheduler enables you to automate the process to run weekly. This approach ensures scalability, efficiency, and the ability to process large datasets in a cost-effective manner.

Online transactions:Storing the transactional data inBigQueryis ideal because BigQuery is a serverless data warehouse optimized for querying and analyzing structured data at scale. It supports SQL queries and is suitable for structured transactional data.

Customer feedback:Storing customer feedback inCloud Storageis appropriate as it allows you to store unstructured text files reliably and at a low cost. Cloud Storage also integrates well with data processing and ML tools for further analysis.

Social media activity:Storing real-time social media activity inBigQueryis optimal because BigQuery supports streaming inserts, enabling real-time ingestion and analysis of data. This allows immediate analysis and integration into dashboards or ML pipelines.

Defining a newmeasurein LookML to calculate the profit margin using the existing revenue and cost fields is the most efficient and straightforward solution. This approach allows you to dynamically compute the profit margin directly within your Looker Explores and dashboards without needing to pre-calculate or create additional tables. The measure can be defined using LookML syntax, such as:

measure: profit_margin {

type: number

sql: (revenue - cost) / revenue ;;

value_format: "0.0%"

}

This method is quick to implement and integrates seamlessly into your existing Looker model, enabling accurate visualization of profit margins across your products.

For regulatory requirements that mandate complete and manual control of data encryption, you should use customer-supplied encryption keys (CSEK). With CSEK, your company provides the encryption keys for data storage, and Google Cloud does not store or manage these keys. This approach ensures that your organization retains full control and responsibility over the encryption process, meeting strict regulatory compliance requirements.

Since your existing data pipeline tools already support connectors to BigQuery, the most efficient approach is touse the existing data pipeline tool's BigQuery connectorto reconfigure the data mapping. This leverages your current tools, reducing migration complexity and setup time, while optimizing migration speed. By reconfiguring the data mapping within the existing pipeline, you can seamlessly direct the data into BigQuery without needing additional services or intermediary steps.

UsingCloud Data Fusionis the best solution for this scenario because:

Standardized managed solution: Cloud Data Fusion provides a visual interface for building data pipelines and includes prebuilt connectors and transformations for data cleaning and de-identification.

Compliance: It ensures sensitive data such as PII is de-identified prior to ingestion into Google Cloud, adhering to regulatory requirements for healthcare data.

Ease of use: Cloud Data Fusion is designed for transforming and preparing data, making it a managed and user-friendly tool for this purpose.

Creating asingle Explorewith all the sales metrics is the Google-recommended approach. This Explore should be designed to include all relevant attributes and dimensions, enabling users to analyze sales data by region, product category, time period, and other filters like sales representatives. With a well-structured Explore, you can efficiently build a dashboard that supports filtering and drill-down functionality. This approach simplifies maintenance, provides a consistent data model, and ensures users have the flexibility to interact with and analyze the data seamlessly within a unified framework.

Audio files from phone interactions: Use Cloud Storage. Cloud Storage is ideal for storing large binary objects like audio files, offering scalability and easy accessibility for training purposes.

CSV files of users’ personally identifiable information (PII): Use BigQuery. BigQuery is a serverless data warehouse optimized for analyzing structured data, such as CSV files, using SQL. It ensures compliance with PII handling through access controls and data encryption.

A large volume of small document files: Use Firestore. Firestore is a scalable NoSQL database designed for applications requiring fast, real-time interactions and structured document storage, making it suitable for powering other applications.

Creating arow-level access policyin BigQuery ensures that each sales representative can see only the transactions relevant to their region. Row-level access policies allow you to define fine-grained access control by filtering rows based on specific conditions, such as matching the sales representative's region. This approach enforces security while providing tailored data access, aligning with the principle of least privilege.

UsingNearline storagein Cloud Storage is the best option for data that is accessed infrequently (such as once a month) but must be readily available within seconds when needed. Nearline offers a balance between low storage costs and quick retrieval times, making it ideal for scenarios like monthly analysis of historical data. It is specifically designed for infrequent access patterns while avoiding the higher retrieval costs and longer access times of Coldline or Archive storage.

Storing the data in amulti-region bucketensures high availability and durability, even in the event of a single-zone outage. Multi-region buckets replicate data across multiple locations within the selected region, providing resilience against zone-level failures and ensuring that the data remains accessible. This approach is particularly suitable for sensitive customer data that must remain available without interruptions.

TheDataflow Developerrole provides the necessary permissions to manage Dataflow streaming pipelines, including the ability to restart pipelines. This role adheres to the principle of least privilege, as it grants only the permissions required to manage and operate Dataflow jobs without unnecessary administrative access. Other roles, such as Dataflow Admin, would grant broader permissions, which are not needed in this scenario.

Using aCloud Run functiontriggered by Cloud Storage to load the data into BigQuery is the best solution because it minimizes both cost and maintenance while providing low-latency data ingestion. Cloud Run is a serverless platform that automatically scales based on the workload, ensuring efficient use of resources without requiring a dedicated instance or cluster. It integrates seamlessly with Cloud Storage event notifications, enabling real-time processing of incoming files and loading them into BigQuery. This approach is cost-effective, scalable, and easy to manage.

Scheduling the creation of asnapshot of the tableweekly ensures that you have a point-in-time backup of the table. In case of accidental deletion, you can re-create the table from the snapshot. Additionally, BigQuery'stime travelfeature allows you to recover data from up to seven days prior to deletion. Combining snapshots with time travel provides a robust solution for preventing data loss and ensuring reporting continuity for critical tables. This approach minimizes risks while offering flexibility for recovery.

UsingBigQuery's built-in functionsis the most effective and efficient way to clean the dataset directly within BigQuery. BigQuery provides powerful SQL capabilities to handle missing values, remove duplicates, and resolve formatting issues without needing to export data or create complex pipelines. This approach minimizes overhead and leverages the scalability of BigQuery for large datasets, making it an ideal solution for quickly addressing data quality issues.