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TESTED 22 Dec 2024
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A company runs an application on Amazon EC2 instances. A network engineer implements a NAT gateway in the application's VPC to replace self-managed NAT instances. After the network engineer shifts traffic from the self-managed NAT instances to the NAT gateway, users begin to report issues.
During troubleshooting, the network engineer discovers that the connection to the application is closing after approximately 6 minutes of inactivity.
What should the network engineer do to resolve this issue?
All IP addresses within a 10.0.0.0/16 VPC are fully utilized with application servers across two Availability Zones. The application servers need to send frequent UDP probes to a single central authentication server on the Internet to confirm that is running up-to-date packages. The network is designed for application servers to use a single NAT gateway for internal access. Testing reveals that a few of the servers are unable to communicate with the authentication server.
A banking company has an application that must connect to specific public IP addresses from a VPC. A network engineer has configured routes in the route table that is associated with the application's subnet to the required public IP addresses through an internet gateway.
The network engineer needs to set up email notifications that will alert the network engineer when a user adds a default route to the application subnet's route table with the internet gateway as a target.
Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST implementation effort?
A company uses a 1 Gbps AWS Direct Connect connection to connect its AWS environment to its on-premises data center. The connection provides employees with access to an application VPC that is hosted on AWS. Many remote employees use a company-provided VPN to connect to the data center. These employees are reporting slowness when they access the application during business hours. On-premises users have started to report similar slowness while they are in the office.
The company plans to build an additional application on AWS. On-site and remote employees will use the additional application. After the deployment of this additional application, the company will need 20% more bandwidth than the company currently uses. With the increased usage, the company wants to add resiliency to the AWS connectivity. A network engineer must review the current implementation and must make improvements within a limited budget.
What should the network engineer do to meet these requirements MOST cost-effectively?
An organization launched an IPv6-only web portal to support IPv6-native mobile clients. Front-end instances launch in an Amazon VPC associated with an appropriate IPv6 CIDR. The VPC IPv4 CIDR is fully utilized. A single subnet exists in each of two Availability Zones with appropriately configured IPv6 CIDR associations. Auto Scaling is properly configured, and no Elastic Load Balancing is used.
Customers say the service is unavailable during peak load times. The network engineer attempts to launch an instance manually and receives the following message: “There are not enough free addresses in subnet ‘subnet-12345677’ to satisfy the requested number of instances.â€
What action will resolve the availability problem?
A company is migrating its on-premises network from its data center in Virginia to its data center in New York. The AWS Direct Connect connections for the Virginia and New York data center locations are both associated to the us-east-1 Region. The company needs to migrate a private VIF on an existing Direct Connect hosted connection from Virginia to New York. The company's on-premises network uses the connection to access VPCs through a Direct Connect gateway in us-east-1.
The company has already requested a new Direct Connect hosted connection from the new data center to the New York Direct Connect location.
Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST downtime?
A company has developed an application on AWS that will track inventory levels of vending machines and initiate the restocking process automatically. The company plans to integrate this application with vending machines and deploy the vending machines in several markets around the world. The application resides in a VPC in the us-east-1 Region. The application consists of an Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS) cluster behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB). The communication from the vending machines to the application happens over HTTPS.
The company is planning to use an AWS Global Accelerator accelerator and configure static IP addresses of the accelerator in the vending machines for application endpoint access. The application must be accessible only through the accelerator and not through a direct connection over the internet to the ALB endpoint.
Which solution will meet these requirements?
A company's network engineer is designing an active-passive connection to AWS from two on-premises data centers. The company has set up AWS Direct Connect connections between the on-premises data centers and AWS. From each location, the company is using a transit VIF that connects to a Direct Connect gateway that is associated with a transit gateway.
The network engineer must ensure that traffic from AWS to the data centers is routed first to the primary data center. The traffic should be routed to the failover data center only in the case of an outage.
Which solution will meet these requirements?
An IoT company sells hardware sensor modules that periodically send out temperature, humidity, pressure, and location data through the MQTT messaging protocol. The hardware sensor modules send this data to the company's on-premises MQTT brokers that run on Linux servers behind a load balancer. The hardware sensor modules have been hardcoded with public IP addresses to reach the brokers.
The company is growing and is acquiring customers across the world. The existing solution can no longer scale and is introducing additional latency because of the company's global presence. As a result, the company decides to migrate its entire infrastructure from on premises to the AWS Cloud. The company needs to migrate without reconfiguring the hardware sensor modules that are already deployed across the world. The solution also must minimize latency.
The company migrates the MQTT brokers to run on Amazon EC2 instances.
What should the company do next to meet these requirements?
Two companies are merging. The companies have a large AWS presence with multiple VPCs and are designing connectivity between their AWS networks. Both companies are using AWS Direct Connect with a Direct Connect gateway. Each company also has a transit gateway and multiple AWS Site-to-Site VPN connections from its transit gateway to on-premises resources. The new solution must optimize network visibility, throughput, logging, and monitoring.
Which solution will meet these requirements?
A network engineer needs to improve the network security of an existing AWS environment by adding an AWS Network Firewall firewall to control internet-bound traffic. The AWS environment consists of five VPCs. Each VPC has an internet gateway. NAT gateways, public Application Load Balancers (ALBs), and Amazon EC2 instances. The EC2 instances are deployed in private subnets. The architecture is deployed across two Availability Zones.
The network engineer must be able to configure rules for the public IP addresses in the environment, regardless of the direction of traffic. The network engineer must add the firewall by implementing a solution that minimizes changes to the existing production environment. The solution also must ensure high availability.
Which combination of steps should the network engineer take to meet these requirements? (Select TWO.)
A company is using a NAT gateway to allow internet connectivity for private subnets in a VPC in the us-west-2 Region. After a security audit, the company needs to remove the NAT gateway.
In the private subnets, the company has resources that use the unified Amazon CloudWatch agent. A network engineer must create a solution to ensure that the unified CloudWatch agent continues to work after the removal of the NAT gateway.
Which combination of steps should the network engineer take to meet these requirements? (Choose three.)
A company is planning a migration of its critical workloads from an on-premises data center to Amazon EC2 instances. The plan includes a new 10 Gbps AWS Direct Connect dedicated connection from the on-premises data center to a VPC that is attached to a transit gateway. The migration must occur over encrypted paths between the on-premises data center and the AWS Cloud.
Which solution will meet these requirements while providing the HIGHEST throughput?
A software company offers a software-as-a-service (SaaS) accounting application that is hosted in the AWS Cloud The application requires connectivity to the company's on-premises network. The company has two redundant 10 GB AWS Direct Connect connections between AWS and its on-premises network to accommodate the growing demand for the application.
The company already has encryption between its on-premises network and the colocation. The company needs to encrypt traffic between AWS and the edge routers in the colocation within the next few months. The company must maintain its current bandwidth.
What should a network engineer do to meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?
A company is hosting an application on Amazon EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer. The instances are in an Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling group. Because of a recent change to a security group, external users cannot access the application.
A network engineer needs to prevent this downtime from happening again. The network engineer must implement a solution that remediates noncompliant changes to security groups.
Which solution will meet these requirements?
A company needs to manage Amazon EC2 instances through command line interfaces for Linux hosts and Windows hosts. The EC2 instances are deployed in an environment in which there is
no route to the internet. The company must implement role-based access control for management of the instances. The company has a standalone on-premises environment.
Which approach will meet these requirements with the LEAST maintenance overhead?
A company is migrating an application from on premises to AWS. The company will host the application on Amazon EC2 instances that are deployed in a single VPC. During the migration period, DNS queries from the EC2 instances must be able to resolve names of on-premises servers. The migration is expected to take 3 months After the 3-month migration period, the resolution of on-premises servers will no longer be needed.
What should a network engineer do to meet these requirements with the LEAST amount of configuration?
A company has a VPC that hosts Amazon EC2 instances in a private subnet. The EC2 Instances use a NAT gateway and an internet gateway for internet connectivity to retrieve data from specific internet websites. The company wants to use AWS Network Firewall to filter outbound traffic.
What should a network engineer do to meet these requirements?
A company recently migrated its Amazon EC2 instances to VPC private subnets to satisfy a security compliance requirement. The EC2 instances now use a NAT gateway for internet access. After the migration, some long-running database queries from private EC2 instances to a publicly accessible third-party database no longer receive responses. The database query logs reveal that the queries successfully completed after 7 minutes but that the client EC2 instances never received the response.
Which configuration change should a network engineer implement to resolve this issue?
A company’s network engineer needs to design a new solution to help troubleshoot and detect network anomalies. The network engineer has configured Traffic Mirroring. However, the mirrored traffic is overwhelming the Amazon EC2 instance that is the traffic mirror target. The EC2 instance hosts tools that the company’s security team uses to analyze the traffic. The network engineer needs to design a highly available solution that can scale to meet the demand of the mirrored traffic.
Which solution will meet these requirements?
A company is building an internet-facing application that is hosted on an Amazon Elastic Kubernetes Service (Amazon EKS) cluster. The company is using the Amazon VPC Container Network Interface (CNI) plugin for Kubernetes for pod networking connectivity. The company needs to expose its application to the internet by using a Network Load Balancer (NLB). The pods that host the application must have visibility of the source IP address that is contained in the original packet that the NLB receives.
How should the network engineer configure the NLB and Amazon EKS settings to achieve these goals?
A company has an AWS account with four VPCs in the us-east-1 Region. The VPCs consist of a development VPC and three production VPCs that host various workloads.
The company has extended its on-premises data center to AWS with AWS Direct Connect by using a Direct Connect gateway. The company now wants to establish connectivity to its production VPCs and development VPC from on premises. The production VPCs are allowed to route data to each other. However, the development VPC must be isolated from the production VPCs. No data can flow between the development VPC and the production VPCs.
In preparation to implement this solution, a network engineer creates a transit gateway with a single transit gateway route table. Default route table association and default route table propagation are turned off. The network engineer attaches the production VPCs. the development VPC. and the Direct Connect gateway to the transit gateway. For each VPC route table, the network engineer adds a route to 0.0.0.0/0 with the transit gateway as the next destination.
Which combination of steps should the network engineer take next to complete this solution? (Select THREE.)
A Network Engineer is provisioning a subnet for a load balancer that will sit in front of a fleet of application servers in a private subnet. There is limited IP space left in the VPC CIDR. The application has few users now but is expected to grow quickly to millions of users.
What design will use the LEAST amount of IP space, while allowing for this growth?
A company uses a 4 Gbps AWS Direct Connect dedicated connection with a link aggregation group (LAG) bundle to connect to five VPCs that are deployed in the us-east-1 Region. Each VPC serves a different business unit and uses its own private VIF for connectivity to the on-premises environment. Users are reporting slowness when they access resources that are hosted on AWS.
A network engineer finds that there are sudden increases in throughput and that the Direct Connect connection becomes saturated at the same time for about an hour each business day. The company wants to know which business unit is causing the sudden increase in throughput. The network engineer must find out this information and implement a solution to resolve the problem.
Which solution will meet these requirements?
A network engineer needs to update a company's hybrid network to support IPv6 for the upcoming release of a new application. The application is hosted in a VPC in the AWS Cloud. The company's current AWS infrastructure includes VPCs that are connected by a transit gateway. The transit gateway is connected to the on-premises network by AWS Direct Connect and AWS Site-to-Site VPN. The company's on-premises devices have been updated to support the new IPv6 requirements.
The company has enabled IPv6 for the existing VPC by assigning a new IPv6 CIDR block to the VPC and by assigning IPv6 to the subnets for dual-stack support. The company has launched new Amazon EC2 instances for the new application in the updated subnets.
When updating the hybrid network to support IPv6 the network engineer must avoid making any changes to the current infrastructure. The network engineer also must block direct access to the instances' new IPv6 addresses from the internet. However, the network engineer must allow outbound internet access from the instances.
What is the MOST operationally efficient solution that meets these requirements?
A company is running multiple workloads on Amazon EC2 instances in public subnets. In a recent incident, an attacker exploited an application vulnerability on one of the EC2 instances to gain access to the instance. The company fixed the application and launched a replacement EC2 instance that contains the updated application.
The attacker used the compromised application to spread malware over the internet. The company became aware of the compromise through a notification from AWS. The company needs the ability to identify when an application that is deployed on an EC2 instance is spreading malware.
Which solution will meet this requirement with the LEAST operational effort?
A company's VPC has Amazon EC2 instances that are communicating with AWS services over the public internet. The company needs to change the connectivity so that the communication
does not occur over the public intemet.
The company deploys AWS PrivateLink endpoints in the VPC. After the deployment of the PrivateLink endpoints, the EC2 instances can no longer communicate at all with the required AWS
services.
Which combination of steps should a network engineer take to restore communication with the AWS services? (Select TWO.)
A security team is performing an audit of a company's AWS deployment. The security team is concerned that two applications might be accessing resources that should be blocked by network ACLs and security groups. The applications are deployed across two Amazon Elastic Kubernetes Service (Amazon EKS) clusters that use the Amazon VPC Container Network Interface (CNI) plugin for Kubernetes. The clusters are in separate subnets within the same VPC and have a Cluster Autoscaler configured.
The security team needs to determine which POD IP addresses are communicating with which services throughout the VPC. The security team wants to limit the number of flow logs and wants to examine the traffic from only the two applications.
Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?
A company is deploying a new application in the AWS Cloud. The company wants a highly available web server that will sit behind an Elastic Load Balancer. The load balancer will route requests to multiple target groups based on the URL in the request. All traffic must use HTTPS. TLS processing must be offloaded to the load balancer. The web server must know the user’s IP address so that the company can keep accurate logs for security purposes.
Which solution will meet these requirements?
A global delivery company is modernizing its fleet management system. The company has several business units. Each business unit designs and maintains applications that are hosted in its own AWS account in separate application VPCs in the same AWS Region. Each business unit's applications are designed to get data from a central shared services VPC.
The company wants the network connectivity architecture to provide granular security controls. The architecture also must be able to scale as more business units consume data from the central shared services VPC in the future.
Which solution will meet these requirements in the MOST secure manner?
You deploy an Amazon EC2 instance that runs a web server into a subnet in a VPC. An Internet gateway is attached, and the main route table has a default route (0.0.0.0/0) configured with a target of the Internet gateway.
The instance has a security group configured to allow as follows:
Protocol: TCP
Port: 80 inbound, nothing outbound
The Network ACL for the subnet is configured to allow as follows:
Protocol: TCP
Port: 80 inbound, nothing outbound
When you try to browse to the web server, you receive no response.
Which additional step should you take to receive a successful response?
A network engineer needs to design the architecture for a high performance computing (HPC) workload. Amazon EC2 instances will require 10 Gbps flows and an aggregate throughput of up to 100 Gbps across many instances with low-latency communication.
Which architecture solution will optimize this workload?
A company’s network engineer is designing a hybrid DNS solution for an AWS Cloud workload. Individual teams want to manage their own DNS hostnames for their applications in their development environment. The solution must integrate the application-specific hostnames with the centrally managed DNS hostnames from the on-premises network and must provide bidirectional name resolution. The solution also must minimize management overhead.
Which combination of steps should the network engineer take to meet these requirements? (Choose three.)
A development team is building a new web application in the AWS Cloud. The main company domain, example.com. is currently hosted in an Amazon Route 53 public hosted zone in one of the company's production AWS accounts.
The developers want to test the web application in the company's staging AWS account by using publicly resolvable subdomains under the example.com domain with the ability to create and delete DNS records as needed. Developers have full access to Route 53 hosted zones within the staging account, but they are prohibited from accessing resources in any of the production AWS accounts.
Which combination of steps should a network engineer take to allow the developers to create records under the example.com domain? (Select TWO.)
A network engineer is working on a private DNS design to integrate AWS workloads and on-premises resources. The AWS deployment consists of five VPCs in the eu-west-1 Region that connect to the on-premises network over AWS Direct Connect. The VPCs communicate with each other by using a transit gateway. Each VPC is associated with a private hosted zone that uses the aws.example.internal domain. The network engineer creates an Amazon Route 53 Resolver outbound endpoint in a shared services VPC and attaches the shared services VPC to the transit gateway.
The network engineer is implementing a solution for DNS resolution. Queries for hostnames that end with aws.example.internal must use the private hosted zone. Queries for hostnames that end with all other domains must be forwarded to a private on-premises DNS resolver.
Which solution will meet these requirements?
A company is planning to create a service that requires encryption in transit. The traffic must not be decrypted between the client and the backend of the service. The company will implement the service by using the gRPC protocol over TCP port 443. The service will scale up to thousands of simultaneous connections. The backend of the service will be hosted on an Amazon Elastic Kubernetes Service (Amazon EKS) duster with the Kubernetes Cluster Autoscaler and the Horizontal Pod Autoscaler configured. The company needs to use mutual TLS for two-way authentication between the client and the backend.
Which solution will meet these requirements?
A real estate company is building an internal application so that real estate agents can upload photos and videos of various properties. The application will store these photos and videos in an Amazon S3 bucket as objects and will use Amazon DynamoDB to store corresponding metadata. The S3 bucket will be configured to publish all PUT events for new object uploads to an Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) queue.
A compute cluster of Amazon EC2 instances will poll the SQS queue to find out about newly uploaded objects. The cluster will retrieve new objects, perform proprietary image and video recognition and classification update metadata in DynamoDB and replace the objects with new watermarked objects. The company does not want public IP addresses on the EC2 instances.
Which networking design solution will meet these requirements MOST cost-effectively as application usage increases?
A company has deployed its AWS environment in a single AWS Region. The environment consists of a few hundred application VPCs, a shared services VPC, and a VPN connection to the company’s on-premises environment. A network engineer needs to implement a transit gateway with the following requirements:
• Application VPCs must be isolated from each other.
• Bidirectional communication must be allowed between the application VPCs and the on-premises network.
• Bidirectional communication must be allowed between the application VPCs and the shared services VPC.
The network engineer creates the transit gateway with options disabled for default route table association and default route table propagation. The network engineer also creates the VPN attachment for the on-premises network and creates the VPC attachments for the application VPCs and the shared services VPC.
The network engineer must meet all the requirements for the transit gateway by designing a solution that needs the least number of transit gateway route tables.
Which combination of actions should the network engineer perform to accomplish this goal? (Choose two.)
A company is deploying an application. The application is implemented in a series of containers in an Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS) cluster. The company will use the Fargate launch type for its tasks. The containers will run workloads that require connectivity initiated over an SSL connection. Traffic must be able to flow to the application from other AWS accounts over private connectivity. The application must scale in a manageable way as more consumers use the application.
Which solution will meet these requirements?
A company has been using an outdated application layer protocol for communication among applications. The company decides not to use this protocol anymore and must migrate all applications to support a new protocol. The old protocol and the new protocol are TCP-based, but the protocols use different port numbers.
After several months of work, the company has migrated dozens of applications that run on Amazon EC2 instances and in containers. The company believes that all the applications have been migrated, but the company wants to verify this belief. A network engineer needs to verify that no application is still using the old protocol.
Which solution will meet these requirements without causing any downtime?
An online retail company is running a web application in the us-west-2 Region and serves consumers in the United States. The company plans to expand across several countries in Europe and wants to provide low latency for all its users.
The application needs to identify the users' IP addresses and provide localized content based on the users' geographic location. The application uses HTTP GET and POST methods for its functionality. The company also needs to develop a failover mechanism that works for GET and POST methods and is based on health checks. The failover must occur in less than 1 minute for all clients.
Which solution will meet these requirements?
TESTED 22 Dec 2024