312-76 EC-Council Disaster Recovery Professional v3 (EDRP) Question and Answers

The Disaster Management Executive Committee oversees high-level planning, research, development, and implementation of the disaster recovery plan across the organization, fitting the described role.

Option A:General team, not specific to development/implementation.

Option C:Chairpersons lead, not execute development.

Option D:Coordinators manage execution, not full development.

“The Disaster Management Executive Committee directs research, development, and organization-wide implementation of the DR plan” (Module: Disaster Recovery Teams, Section: Team Roles).

Electronic Vaulting transfers data electronically (e.g., via FTP) to a remote backup site, as Jennifer is doing.

Option B (Disk Duplexing):RAID technique, not remote transfer.

Option C (Disk Shadowing):Mirroring, not offsite transfer.

Option D:Manual process, not electronic via FTP.

“Electronic Vaulting uses electronic means, such as FTP, to transfer critical data to a remote backup site for protection” (Module: Data Backup and Recovery, Section: Remote Backup Methods).

Disaster Recovery (DR) encompasses restoring data, applications, and infrastructure post-disaster, ensuring business operations resume, aligning with the question’s broad scope.

Option A (Data Recovery):Limited to data, not applications or infrastructure.

Option C (Application Recovery):Focuses only on applications.

Option D (Recovery Management):A process, not the ability itself.

“Disaster Recovery restores data, applications, and infrastructure after a disaster, enabling business continuity” (Module: Disaster Recovery Planning, Section: DR Definition).

The Review Phase of scenario training occurs after execution and involves a debrief with participants to gather feedback, assess performance, and identify improvements. This aligns with the question’s focus on obtaining feedback post-training.

Option A (Execution Phase):The active running of the scenario, no debrief yet.

Option C (Warning Phase):Not a standard phase; implies pre-event alerts.

Option D (Planning Phase):Prepares the scenario, not for feedback collection.

“The Review Phase follows scenario execution, involving a debrief to collect participant feedback and refine the training process” (Module: Training and Awareness, Section: Training Phases).

Updating the NIC driver can resolve VMQ issues by improving how the NIC handles virtual machine data queues, addressing slow transmission due to restrictions.

Option A:Storage performance doesn’t directly fix VMQ/NIC issues.

Option B:Bandwidth increase helps but doesn’t target the root VMQ problem.

Option D:Incorrect, as updating the driver is a valid fix.

“Updating NIC drivers resolves VMQ bottlenecks, enhancing data transmission speed between virtual machines by optimizing hardware handling” (Module: Virtualization and Recovery, Section: VM Performance).

Recovery Consistency Objective (RCO) measures the allowable deviation between actual and target data consistency, critical for ABC’s distributed data plan.

Option B (ROG):Data recovery detail level, not consistency.

Option C (RLS):Geographic recovery scope, not deviation.

Option D (RSR):Service resilience, not data consistency.

“RCO ensures minimal deviation in data consistency across distributed centers, vital for security and partial loss prevention” (Module: Recovery Metrics, Section: RCO Definition).

Domain Controller Servers manage user accounts and security policies within a domain (e.g., Active Directory).

Option B (IIS):Web servers, not domain management.

Option C (File Servers):Store files, not security policies.

Option D (Global Catalog):Directory subset, not policy enforcement.

“Domain Controller Servers store account data and enforce domain security policies, central to network management” (Module: Server Management, Section: Server Roles).

Polly estimated theImpact, which is the magnitude of damage (here, $200,000) resulting from a risk event (data leak). This drove her decision to upgrade, comparing it to the cost.

Option B (Hazard):A potential source of harm, not the damage estimate.

Option C (Likelihood):Probability of occurrence, not addressed here.

Option D (Vulnerability):Weakness (vulnerable server), not the damage itself.

“Impact, the estimated magnitude of loss from a risk event, such as a data leak costing $200,000, guides mitigation decisions in risk assessment” (Module: Risk Management, Section: Risk Factors).

A Hot Site is a fully operational alternate site with duplicated systems and data, running in parallel to the primary site. It allows immediate failover and continuity of operations with minimal downtime, meeting John’s need for near-instant resumption.

Option A (Cold Site):A basic facility with power and space, requiring significant setup time.

Option B (Warm Site):Partially equipped, with some pre-installed systems, but not fully operational in real time.

Option D (Colocation Facilities):Shared data centers, not inherently designed for immediate failover.

“Hot Sites are fully redundant, mirrored environments that operate concurrently with primary sites, ensuring zero to minimal downtime during failover, ideal for critical operations” (Module: Alternate Sites, Section: Site Types).

Snapshot Replication copies the entire dataset (or changes) at a specific point in time to a replica, ideal for infrequent updates like ABC Inc.’s annual database refresh. It’s simple and suits low-frequency synchronization.

Option A (Merge Replication):Combines changes from multiple sources, complex for this case.

Option B (Transactional Replication):Tracks incremental changes in real time, overkill here.

Option C (SQL Server Replication):A general category, not a specific method.

“Snapshot Replication provides a point-in-time copy of data, efficient for infrequent updates where full synchronization is needed annually” (Module: Data Replication, Section: Replication Types).

The Disaster Recovery Coordinator manages the daily execution and maintenance of the DR program, making option B the most accurate responsibility. It reflects operational oversight, a core coordinator role.

Option A:More aligned with an auditor or compliance role.

Option C:Technical design, typically a technology team task.

Option D:Executive authority belongs to higher management, not the coordinator.

“The Disaster Recovery Coordinator handles day-to-day management, execution, and maintenance of the DR program, ensuring operational readiness” (Module: Disaster Recovery Teams, Section: Coordinator Roles).

Qualitative Risk Assessment uses descriptive scales (e.g., Very High to Very Low) based on subjective judgment and interaction, as Jonathan did.

Option A (Quantitative):Numeric values, not descriptive.

Option B (Semi-Quantitative):Combines numbers and descriptions, not purely qualitative.

Option C (Semi-Qualitative):Not a standard term, likely a typo.

“Qualitative Risk Assessment ranks risks using descriptive categories like ‘Very High’ to ‘Very Low’ based on observation and input” (Module: Risk Management, Section: Assessment Methods).

Qualitative Impact assesses non-measurable effects, such as morale, productivity, and reputation, which align with the scenario’s focus on slowed progress and team morale.

Option A (Semi-Qualitative):A hybrid term, less precise here.

Option C (Quantitative):Measurable losses (e.g., financial), not the primary focus.

Option D (Industrial):Too broad, not specific to impact type.

“Qualitative Impact evaluates intangible consequences like morale and operational delays following a breach, critical for BIA” (Module: Business Impact Analysis, Section: Impact Types).

Colocation Facilities involve renting space and infrastructure (e.g., cooling, power) in a shared data center, offering a cost-effective backup site solution, as Jack chose.

Option A (Hot Sites):Fully operational, expensive, not cost-focused.

Option B (Cold Sites):Basic space, no pre-installed infrastructure like cooling.

Option C (Warm Sites):Partially equipped, more costly than colocation.

“Colocation Facilities provide cost-efficient backup by renting shared data center resources, including cooling and security, ideal for budget-conscious organizations” (Module: Alternate Sites, Section: Site Types).

Opportunity Cost is the value of the next best alternative forgone when choosing one option over others, directly matching the question’s definition.

Option A (BIA):Assesses disruption impacts, not alternatives.

Option C (Fixed Cost):A static expense, unrelated to choices.

Option D (Cost Benefit Analysis):Compares costs and benefits, not forgone gains.

“Opportunity Cost represents the potential benefit lost by choosing one recovery strategy over another, a key consideration in resource allocation” (Module: Risk Management, Section: Cost Analysis).

A Simulation Test mimics a specific disaster scenario to evaluate the BCP’s effectiveness, as Roger did.

Option B (Orientation):Introduces the plan, not scenario-based.

Option C (Checklist):Reviews steps, not a simulation.

Option D (Tabletop):Discussion-based, not a live simulation.

“Simulation Tests replicate disaster scenarios to assess BCP response, testing procedures in a controlled environment” (Module: Testing Disaster Recovery Plans, Section: Test Types).

Backup Integrity Testing is the process of verifying that backed-up data remains safe, secure, andreadable after operations such as updates, restores, or retrievals. This involves checking for corruption, ensuring data consistency, and confirming that the backup can be successfully restored. In disaster recovery, this is a critical step to ensure that backups are reliable when needed.

Option A (Database Authentication):Refers to verifying user access, not data integrity.

Option B (Database Consolidation):Involves merging databases, not testing backup integrity.

Option C (Database Integrity Testing):Focuses on database consistency, not specifically backup verification.

“Backup Integrity Testing ensures that data backups remain uncorrupted and usable post-operation. This process includes validation checks after updates or restores to guarantee recoverability, a key component of data protection strategies” (Module: Data Backup and Recovery, Section: Backup Validation Techniques).

Return on Risk Adjusted Capital (RORAC) is a financial metric often used to allocate funds for risk mitigation, including emergency reserves like James’ $20,000 for virtual connections. It reflects the return expected after accounting for risk costs.

Option A (RAROC):Similar, but typically broader, not specific to emergency funds.

Option B (RAPM):A management approach, not a fund term.

Option C (RARORAC):A variant, less commonly used in this context.

“RORAC quantifies funds set aside for risk scenarios, such as emergency recovery costs, ensuring financial preparedness aligns with risk exposure” (Module: Risk Management, Section: Financial Metrics).

In Hyper-V, Checkpoint Backup (formerly called snapshots in earlier versions) creates point-in-time copies of virtual machines, allowing quick backups without the time overhead of a full backup, as Jack’s manager suggested.

Option A (System Backup):Not a Hyper-V-specific feature.

Option C (Snapshots Backup):Older term, replaced by “Checkpoint” in newer Hyper-V versions.

Option D (Hyper-V Replication):Replicates VMs for DR, not a backup method.

“Hyper-V’s Checkpoint Backup feature enables rapid point-in-time VM backups, reducing backup time compared to full system copies” (Module: Virtualization and Recovery, Section: Hyper-V Backup Options).

The Planning Team is tasked with developing, implementing, and executing the disaster recovery plan, including testing, to ensure preparedness and effectiveness.

Option A (Operations Team):Focuses on daily operations, not DR planning.

Option B (Support Team):Provides technical assistance, not plan execution.

Option D (Technology Team):Manages IT systems, not the DR plan itself.

“The Planning Team oversees the creation, implementation, and testing of the DR plan, ensuring alignment with organizational goals” (Module: Disaster Recovery Teams, Section: Roles and Responsibilities).

Prevention involves proactive measures to avoid or reduce the impact of a disaster before it occurs, such as reinforcing infrastructure or moving assets ahead of a cyclone. Jonas’ actions align with this category as they aim to minimize damage preemptively.

Option B (Backup):Focuses on data duplication, not physical damage prevention.

Option C (Recovery):Involves post-disaster restoration, not preemptive action.

Option D (Resumption):Refers to restarting operations after a disruption.

EDRP v3 classifies prevention as a key phase in disaster management, distinct from recovery or backup (Module: Disaster Recovery Planning).

ISO/IEC 27005 is an information security risk management standard that requires identifying, assessing, and prioritizing risks (like George’s exercise) to develop a mitigation plan. It fits his prioritization of electrical surges.

Option A (ISO 27001):Broad security management, not risk-specific.

Option B (INCITS 483-2012):Virtualization security, not risk management.

Option C (ISO 27031):ICT continuity, narrower than 27005.

“ISO/IEC 27005 guides organizations in risk identification, assessment, and prioritization, forming the basis for security and DR planning” (Module: Risk Management, Section: Standards).

An Exchange Server (Microsoft) provides mail and calendar services, managing email, scheduling, and collaboration.

Option A (Application Server):Runs applications, not mail-specific.

Option B (Web Server):Hosts websites, not mail/calendar.

Option D (Domain Controller):Manages network authentication, not mail.

“Exchange Servers deliver email and calendar services, critical for communication continuity in organizations” (Module: Server Management, Section: Server Roles).

A Differential Backup captures all files changed or added since the last full backup, growing with each run, as described.

Option B (Full System Backup):Copies all data, not just changes.

Option C (Incremental Backup):Changes since the last backup (any type), not full.

Option D (Online Data Backup):Delivery method, not a type.

“Differential Backup targets files modified since the last full backup, providing a cumulative change set for recovery” (Module: Data Backup and Recovery, Section: Backup Types).

Disk Imaging software creates a block-level copy of an entire disk or partition, capturing all data, including the OS and applications, for restoration. This fits Cameron’s need for a comprehensive server backup.

Option A (Cloud Backup):Typically file-based, not block-level imaging.

Option C (Visualization):Likely a typo for “Virtualization,” which isn’t backup software.

Option D (Bare-metal Restore):A recovery process, not the software creating the image.

EDRP v3 discusses disk imaging as a key backup method for complete system recovery (Module: Data Backup and Recovery).

Crisis Management involves strategies to handle sudden, significant events (e.g., disasters), focusing on immediate response and mitigation, as described.

Option A (Risk Assessment):Identifies risks, not manages events.

Option B (Application Recovery):Restores applications, not a broad strategy.

Option D (BIA):Analyzes impacts, not event handling.

“Crisis Management applies strategies to address sudden, disruptive events, ensuring organizational stability during emergencies” (Module: Crisis Management, Section: Overview).

Risk Assessment evaluates risk factors and their interrelationships to understand potential threats, as described.

Option A (Risk Models):Tools for assessment, not the process.

Option B (Risk Management):Broader process including assessment.

Option C (Risk Mitigation):Reducing risks, not assessing them.

“Risk Assessment analyzes risk factors and their relationships to identify and prioritize threats for DR planning” (Module: Risk Management, Section: Assessment Definition).

A Virtual Tape Library (VTL) is a disk-based storage system designed to emulate traditional tape libraries, allowing organizations to use existing tape backup software with faster disk-based storage. It uses HDDs to mimic tape functionality, improving backup and recovery speed.

Option B (Mirroring):Involves duplicating data across drives, not emulating tape.

Option C (Disk-to-Disk):Refers to disk-based backups but not specifically tape emulation.

Option D (Snapshot):A point-in-time copy of data, not a tape-like system.

EDRP v3 covers VTL as a modern backup solution under storage technologies, noting its role in bridging tape and disk systems (Module: Data Backup and Recovery).

Business Impact Analysis (BIA) determines the potential impact of disruptions on business processes, identifying critical functions and consequences.

Option A (Risk Management):Mitigates risks, not impact-focused.

Option C (Risk Assessment):Identifies risks, not their impact.

Option D (Vulnerability Assessment):Finds weaknesses, not process impact.

“Business Impact Analysis (BIA) quantifies the effects of disruptions on business processes, a cornerstone of continuity planning” (Module: Business Impact Analysis, Section: BIA Purpose).

A Differential Backup copies all data changed since the last full backup, growing larger each time as more changes accumulate, matching Jonah’s observation of increasing storage use.

Option B (Online Data Backup):A delivery method, not a type.

Option C (Incremental Backup):Only backs up changes since the last backup, not growing as much.

Option D (Full System Backup):Copies everything, consistently large, not incremental growth.

“Differential Backups expand daily by capturing all changes since the last full backup, increasing storage needs with each run” (Module: Data Backup and Recovery, Section: Backup Types).

In the 3DR (Data Protection, Disaster Recovery, Doomsday Recovery) model, Remote Backup of Data Protection is termed the “doomsday recovery level,” representing the ultimate offsite safeguard against catastrophic loss.

Option A:Basic local protection, not doomsday-level.

Option B:Long-term storage, not recovery-focused.

Option C:General backup, not remote-specific.

“Remote Backup of Data Protection, dubbed the doomsday recovery level in 3DR, ensures data survival through offsite replication” (Module: Data Protection Strategies, Section: 3DR Model).

In virtualization (e.g., VMware, Hyper-V), deleting snapshots may not free space if dependent child disks (differencing disks) remain. Deleting these child disks consolidates space, resolving Remus’s issue.

Option B:Deleting the VM database risks data loss, not space recovery.

Option C (Uninstall Hypervisor):Drastic, loses all VMs.

Option D (Shutdown/Restart):Temporary, doesn’t free space.

“Deleting child disks of snapshots in VMs consolidates storage, freeing space when snapshot deletion alone is insufficient” (Module: Virtualization and Recovery, Section: Storage Management).

Physical data loss occurs due to physical damage to storage media (e.g., James damaging the hard drive), making data unreadable, as described.

Option A (Logical):Software or file system issues, not physical damage.

Option B (Natural Disaster):Environmental events (e.g., flood), not accidental damage.

Option D (Data Corruption):Data alteration, not physical inaccessibility.

“Physical data loss results from hardware damage, such as a broken hard drive, rendering data inaccessible due to physical failure” (Module: Data Backup and Recovery, Section: Types of Data Loss).

Time scales for assessment are a critical BIA consideration, defining the period over which impacts are evaluated (e.g., hours, days).

Option A/B/D:Mitigation strategies, not BIA components.

“BIA requires defining time scales for assessing disruption impacts, ensuring accurate prioritization of processes” (Module: Business Impact Analysis, Section: BIA Methodology).

A Disaster Management Plan identifies personnel for research, development, and implementation of disaster-related strategies, broader than just DR, as Jake did.

Option A (BCP):Focuses on continuity, not personnel identification alone.

Option C (IT Recovery):IT-specific, narrower scope.

Option D (DRP):Recovery-focused, not as broad as management.

“The Disaster Management Plan assigns personnel for research, development, and implementation, encompassing all disaster response aspects” (Module: Disaster Recovery Planning, Section: Management Plans).

A Functional Test mobilizes resources to test specific BCP components in a live setting, as Archie did.

Option B (Simulation):Mimics scenarios, not resource mobilization.

Option C (Checklist):Reviews steps, not active testing.

Option D (Orientation):Introduces plan, not resource-based.

“Functional Tests activate resources to validate BCP components, ensuring operational readiness” (Module: Testing Disaster Recovery Plans, Section: Test Types).

The Planning Phase of scenario training involves preparing participants, informing them in advance about the exercise, and setting objectives. Emma’s advance notification aligns with this phase.

Option A (Warning Phase):Not a standard training phase; implies immediate alerts.

Option B (Review Phase):Post-training analysis, not pre-informed.

Option D (Execution Phase):The actual conduct, not the preparation.

“The Planning Phase of scenario training ensures participants are informed and prepared in advance, establishing the foundation for effective execution” (Module: Training and Awareness, Section: Training Phases).

A Cold Backup is performed when the database is offline, ensuring data consistency by avoiding changes during the process, as described.

Option A (Online Data Backup):Implies active system backup, not offline.

Option B (Hot Backup):Taken while the system is online.

Option C (Full System Backup):Broad term, not offline-specific.

“Cold Backup occurs with the database offline, ensuring a consistent snapshot without transaction interference” (Module: Data Backup and Recovery, Section: Backup Types).

Mission Essential Functions (MEF) are critical tasks an organization must maintain or quickly resume post-disruption to ensure continuity.

Option A (BIA):Identifies impacts, not tasks.

Option B (Mitigation):Reduces risks, not task-focused.

Option D (MAD):Downtime limit, not tasks.

“Mission Essential Functions (MEF) are vital tasks requiring continuous or rapid resumption to sustain operations post-incident” (Module: Business Continuity Planning, Section: MEF Definition).

The Cisco IOS command copy running-configuration ftp backs up the router’s running configuration to an FTP server, as Martin needs. Options A and B are invalid syntax (and duplicated).

Option D (tftp):Uses TFTP, not FTP.

“The copy running-configuration ftp command in Cisco IOS transfers the router config to an FTP server for backup” (Module: Network Device Management, Section: Cisco Backup Commands).

Server Clustering connects multiple servers into a unified resource, improving scalability and protecting against failures, as Jack implemented.

Option A (Mirroring):Data duplication, not scalability-focused.

Option B (Deduplication):Storage optimization, not clustering.

Option C (Failover):Backup switching, not unified resource.

“Server Clustering unifies computing resources, enhancing scalability and resilience against application and site failures” (Module: Clustering Technologies, Section: Clustering Benefits).